با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه بیرجند

2 استاد گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه بیرجند.

3 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه بیرجند.

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، مهندسی منابع آب، دانشگاه بیرجند.

چکیده

زعفران‌کاران استان خراسان جنوبی اگرچه زحمت زیادی برای تولید هرچه بیشتر این محصول، متحمل می‌شوند، اما به‌اندازه مطلوب، برداشت ندارند. این امر می‌تواند ناشی از عدم اطلاعات کافی آنان در رابطه با کشت علمی گیاه زعفران باشد. در این تحقیق، هدف آن است که با ارزیابی دانش بومی کشاورزان منطقه در مورد مسائل مرتبط با آبیاری زعفران، نقاط ضعف و قوت آنان مورد بررسی قرار گیرد تا بتوان از طریق انتقال یافته‌های این پژوهش به متولیان و کشاورزان، قدم‌های مؤثری در جهت افزایش عملکرد، برداشت. برای بررسی این موضوع، پرسشنامه‌ای محقق‌ ساخت (شامل 11 پرسش در مورد مسائل مرتبط با آبیاری زعفران و 14 پرسش پیرامون اطلاعات عمومی و سؤالات ترویجی) به تعداد 235 عدد در بین جامعه آماری زعفران‌کاران استان خراسان جنوبی به‌صورت تصادفی (برای اینکه نمونه، نماینده جمعیت تحت مطالعه باشد) توزیع گردید. متغیر وابسته، نمره کل آزمودنی‌ها برای پاسخ صحیح آن‌ها بود. مقایسه آماری بین میانگین سطوح مختلف هر یک از متغیرهای مستقل (با اثر معنی‌دار) با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SAS و روش توکی-کرامر انجام شد. کسانی که در کلاس‌های ترویجی شرکت نموده بودند، افرادی که بومی استان خراسان جنوبی بودند و همچنین کسانی که محصولات خود را بیمه کرده بودند در سطح معنی‌دار 1 درصد، به سؤالات بیشتری، پاسخ صحیح دادند. افرادی که در روستا زندگی می‌کردند در سطح معنی‌دار 5 درصد، به سؤالات بیشتری، پاسخ صحیح دادند. با توجه به نتایج تحقیق حاضر، افزایش سطح دانش کشاورزان منطقه از طریق برنامه‌ریزی‌های کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت، ضروری به‌نظر می‌رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of Saffron Farmers Knowledge on the Issues Associated with Irrigation (Case Study: Southern Khorasan)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Khozeymehnezhad 1
  • Homayoun Farhangfar 2
  • Mohammad Ali Behdani 3
  • Mojtaba Hassanpour 4

1 Assistant Professor of Water Engineering, University of Birjand, Iran.

2 Professor of Animal science, University of Birjand, Iran

3 Associate Professor of Agriculture and Plant Breeding and M.Sc. Student. Water Resources Engineering, University of Birjand, Iran.

4 M.Sc. Student. Water Resources Engineering, University of Birjand, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In spite of lots of work performed by saffron farmers in the Southern Khorasan province, a desirable yield has not been obtained which is partly attributed to the lack of scientific knowledge. This investigation is aimed to assess the indigenous knowledge of saffron farmers on the issues related to irrigation, and also to examine their strengths and weaknesses for taking effective steps to increase crop productivity. A questionnaire (researcher made) including 11 questions about the issues related to irrigation and 14 questions on general information and extensional items were randomly distributed to 235 subjects in the population of farmers of the Southern Khorasan province. The dependent variable was the score of the subjects for the correct answers. Statistical comparison between the levels of each of the independent variables (with significant effect) was undertaken by Tukey-Kramer test using the SAS software. The findings revealed that the groups of subjects participating in the extension courses who were either natives in the South Khorasan province, or had insuring their products answered a greater number of questions correctly with a significant level of 1%. However, the subjects living in the villages had more correct answers at a significance level of 5%. Overall, the results suggest that short-term and long-term programming are needed for the region's farmers to gain appropriate scientific knowledge about saffron planting.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cash crop
  • irrigation
  • Yield
  • Knowledge level
  • Observational research
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