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اثر محلول‌پاشی نانو کودهای مختلف بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک زعفران (.Crocus sativus L)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه ملایر

2 استادیار فیزیولوژی گیاهی، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه ملایر

3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، فیزیولوژی گیاهی، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه ملایر

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر نانو کودهای مختلف بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک زعفران، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با شش تیمار و سه تکرار در دانشگاه ملایر در سال زراعی 94-1393 انجام شد. تیمار­های آزمایشی شامل نانو کودهای تک عنصره­ی آهن، منگنز، بُر، پتاسیم، روی و شاهد بودند که با غلظت دو در هزار و به­صورت محلول­پاشی جهت بهبود وضعیت تغذیه گیاه مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد که اثر محلول­پاشی نانو کودها روی میزان محتوای نسبی آب، قند احیاکننده و قندهای غیر احیاکننده معنی­دار بود. نانو کودهای مختلف از نظر کلروفیل a و کلروفیل کل اختلاف معنی‌داری با تیمار شاهد نداشتند با این­وجود بیشترین میزان کلروفیل a (mg.g-1 Fw 53/1) در تیمار نانو کود آهن و کمترین میزان آن (mg.g-1 Fw 93/0) در تیمار نانو کود منگنز مشاهده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر میزان کلروفیل b و آنزیم­های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز نداشتند. علاوه بر این تأثیر نانو کودهای مختلف بر میزان پروتئین و فنل معنی­دار بود. بیشترین میزان پروتئین (mg.g-1 Fw 56/1) در تیمارهای نانو کود پتاسیم و بُر با 12 درصد افزایش نسبت به شاهد مشاهده شد و کمترین میزان پروتئین برگ (mg.g-1 Fw 36/1) در تیمار نانو کود آهن به دست آمد که نسبت به تیمار شاهد سه درصد کاهش نشان داد. بیشترین میزان فنل (mg.g-1 Dw 27/0) با 5/10 درصد افزایش نسبت به شاهد در تیمار نانو کود منگنز مشاهده شد و فقط اختلاف این تیمار با شاهد معنی­دار بود. بر اساس نتایج این آزمایش به نظر می­رسد که کاربرد کلیه نانو کودهای مورد مطالعه با غلظت یکسان از لحاظ علمی قابل توصیه نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Foliar Application of Chemical Nano-Fertilizers on Physiological Traits of Saffron (.Crocus sativus L)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Rostami 1
  • Masoumeh Maleki 2
  • Ali Reza Effati 3

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Malayer University, Iran

3 Former MSc. Student of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Malayer University, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effects of different types of nano-fertilizers on some of the physiological characteristics of saffron (i.e. antioxidant enzymes, reducing and non-reducing sugars, photosynthetic pigments, total phenol content and relative water content of leaf) the current experiment was conducted at Malayer University during 2014-2015 growing season. The study was performed based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six treatments and three replications. The experimental treatments were control and five different types of nano-fertilizers (iron: Fe, boron: B, manganese: Mn, potassium: K and zinc: Zn). The effects of experimental treatments on relative water content, protein and total phenol content, reducing and non-reducing sugars were significant but there was no significant effect on chlorophyll b, leaf carotenoids, Catalase and Proxidase activity. Although the difference between nano-fertilizers and control treatment for chlorophyll a and also total chlorophyll was not significant but the highest amount of chlorophyll a (1.53 mg.g-1 Fw) measured in Fe treatment and the lowest amount (0.93 mg.g-1 Fw) observed in Mn treatment. Based on results, all of the experimental treatment increased the relative water content of leaf comparing to control. The highest amount of total phenol content (0.27 mg.g-1 FW) with 10.5% increase compared to control observed in Mn treatment and just the difference of this treatment with control treatment was significant. By application of Zn, Mn, K and B nano-fertilizer leaf protein content comparing to control treatment significantly increased whereas the difference between Fe and control wasn’t significant. The highest concentration of leaf protein (1.56 mg.g-1 Fw) with 12% increase compared to control treatment observed in K and B treatments whereas the lowest concentration (1.36 mg.g-1 Fw) with 3% decrease compared to control was related to Fe treatment. The different response of studied characteristic to application of various nano-fertilizer showed that different physiological traits hadn’t the similar sensitivity to all of mineral nutrients therefore application of entire nano-fertilizers with the same concentration isn’t scientifically recommendable

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • Enzyme
  • Plant nutrition
  • sugar
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زراعت و فناوری زعفران
دوره 5، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 18
دی 1396
صفحه 345-359
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