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امکان سنجی نواحی مستعد کشت زعفران در دشت کاشمر با استفاده از GIS

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه¬ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه پیام نور

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقلیم شناسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی

3 مدرس دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران

چکیده

زعفران به‌عنوان گران‌بهاترین محصول کشاورزی و دارویی جهان از جمله گیاهانی است که با توجه به مقاومت خود در برابر خشکی نقش قابل توجهی در وضعیت اقتصادی و اجتماعی مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک خراسان جنوبی و رضوی پیدا کرده است. هدف اصلی این مطالعه، تعیین نواحی مستعد کشت زعفران با توجه به برخی متغیرهای اصلی مؤثر در آن می‌باشد. داده‌های اقلیمی مورد نیاز، از اداره کل هواشناسی خراسان رضوی برای دوره 1390-1368 اخذ شد. جهت تهیه نقشه سطوح ارتفاعی، شیب، جهت شیب، و TIN (شبکه نامنظم مثلثاتی) از نقشه‌های توپوگراف DEM(مدل رقومی ارتفاع) سازمان نقشه‌برداری با مقیاس 50000 :1استفاده گردید. نقشه پوشش گیاهی و کاربری اراضی از نقشه‌های قابلیت اراضی در مقیاس50000 :1 مربوط به موسسه تحقیقات آب و خاک کشور استخراج گردید. از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی به‌منظور رقومی‌سازی و تهیه نقشه‌ها استفاده شد. پس از تشکیل پایگاه اطلاعات فضایی منطقه، با استفاده از نرم ‌افزار ArcGIS 9.3 اطلاعات توصیفی نقشه‌ها به آنها اضافه گردید. سپس براساس شرایط مورد نیاز در خصوص هر پارامتر و اهمیت هر یک از لایه‌ها، با استفاده از نرم‌افزار  AHP (فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی) وزن‌دهی صورت گرفت و پس از عملیات هم‌پوشانی وزنی در محیط GIS پهنه‌بندی انجام گردید. نتایج حاصله قسمت‌های مرکزی و جنوبی دشت را به‌عنوان مستعدترین مناطق نشان داد که در حال حاضر کاربری این اراضی به کشت دیم، آبی، مراتع نیمه متراکم و متراکم اختصاص دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Possibility study of areas with potential cultivation of saffron in Kashmar plain using GIS

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. A. Mohammad Alavi Zadeh 1
  • Ali Monazzam Esmaeel Pour 2
  • Mahmoud Hossein Zadeh Kermani 3

1 Assistant professor of Geography Department, Payamnoor University

2 Ph.D student of Climatology, Kharazmi University

3 Teacher Payamnoor University, Tehran

چکیده [English]

Saffron as the most expensive agriculture and medicinal product of world, is a plant in Consider to aridity resistant has interesting role in social and economical status of arid and semi arid of southern and Razavi Khorasan provinces. The aim of this paper, is determining the suitable area in Saffron cultivation with regards to effective factors. The climatic elements data were obtain from Khorasan Razavi Meteorological Organization for 1989-2012 periods. The topographic data including; relief, slope, aspect and TIN layers extracts from 1: 50000 topographic maps of the region. The land use and vegetation land cover maps were prepared using 1: 50000 maps of National soil and water Research Institute. The spatial analysis facilities of GIS were used for numerical calculation and drawing the requiring maps. A spatial geo database from region was established then spatial and description data entered on this database. Using by AHP software each layer weighted by its importance. Finally, by overlaying analysis in ArcGIS, cultivated area were classified by its capabilities .The results showed that Central and Southern Kashmar plain are the best capabilities for Saffron cultivation that in present statues, these lands specified to dry farming, irrigated farming, semi condense and condense rangelands.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Climatologic and Environmental factors
  • Geographic Information System (GIS)
  • Kashmar
  • Saffron
  • Zoning
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زراعت و فناوری زعفران
دوره 1، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
آذر 1392
صفحه 71-95
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هم رسانی
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