با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشجوی دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

در کنار اندازه بنه مادری، مقدار فسفر بنه زعفران از عوامل مؤثر در افزایش گلدهی زعفران است. به‌منظور بررسی نقش اندازه بنه مادری، کاربرد کودهای آلی و محلول‌پاشی عناصر میکرو بر گل‌دهی، عملکرد بنه و جذب فسفر در زعفران در شرایط کنترل‌شده، آزمایشی در سال 92-1391 به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با 24 تیمار و سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد به اجرا در آمد. عامل اول، دوم و سوم این آزمایش به ترتیب شامل اندازه بنه مادری در سه سطح (1/0 تا 4 گرم (کوچک)، 1/4 تا 8 گرم (متوسط) و 1/8 تا 12 گرم (بزرگ))، منابع مختلف تغذیه آلی (کود گاوی (25 تن در هکتار)، ورمی کمپوست (10 تن در هکتار)، کمپوست (10 تن در هکتار) و شاهد) و کاربرد عناصر میکرو (آهن + روی) در دو سطح (محلول‌پاشی و عدم محلول‌پاشی) بود. بر اساس نتایج آزمایش، بیشترین عملکرد بنه‌های دختری زعفران به‌طور معنی‌دار درنتیجه کاشت بنه‌های مادری با وزن بیش از 8 گرم (اندازه درشت) به دست آمد. در بین منابع تغذیه آلی، کاربرد کود گاوی بیشترین تأثیر را در افزایش معنی‌دار عملکرد بنه‌های دختری زعفران داشت. اثر محلول‌پاشی عناصر میکرو در افزایش عملکرد بنه‌های دختری زعفران معنی‌دار بود. علاوه بر این، بیشترین درصد و مقدار جذب فسفر در بنه‌های دختری زعفران به‌طور معنی‌دار درنتیجه کاشت بنه‌های مادری 1/8 تا 12 گرمی به دست آمد. با کاهش اندازه بنه مادری غلظت و مقدار جذب فسفر در بنه‌های دختری به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of mother corm size, organic fertilizers and micronutrient foliar application on corm yield and phosphorus uptake of saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Koocheki 1
  • S. Mohammad Seyyedi 2
  • Homa Azizi 2
  • Roshanak Shahriyari 2

1 Professor, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

2 PhD. Students of Crop Ecology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

Saffron flowering can be mainly affected by mother corm size and phosphorus content of corm. In order to investigate the effects of mother corms size, organic fertilizers and foliar application on corm yield and phosphorus uptake of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) under control conditions, an experiment was conducted in the growing years of 2012-2013 at Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, by using a complete randomized design with 24 treatments and three replications. The mother corms size (0.1-4 g (small), 4.1 – 8 g (medium) and 8-12 g (large), organic fertilizers (cow manure 25 t. ha-1, vermicompost 10 t. ha-1,compost 10 t. ha-1 and control) and micro nutrient (Fe-EDTA and Zn-EDTA) in two levels (foliar application and no application) were the first, second and third experimental factors, respectively. Based on the results, the highest number and yield of replacement corms were observed by using the large (8.1-12g) mother corms. The effect of cow manure on replacement corm yield was significantly more than other organic fertilizers. The effect of foliar application on replacement corms yield were also significant. In addition, the highest concentration and content of phosphorus replacement corms was observed by using the large (8.1- 12g) mother corms. The content of phosphorus in replacement corms was significantly decreased by reducing the size of the mother corms.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Micro nutrients
  • Replacement Corms
  • Vermicompost
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