با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

2 استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

4 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

کاهش منابع آبی، روند افزایشی وقوع خشکسالی­ها و صدمات سنگین آن به کشور، بیش از پیش استفاده کارآمد از این منبع را ضرورت می­بخشد. هدف این مطالعه، ارزیابی اثرات سیاست­های گوناگون کاهش میزان آب مصرفی و افزایش قیمت هر مترمکعب آب بر الگوی­کشت محصول زعفران می­باشد. داده­های مورد نیاز پژوهش با مصاحبه­ی حضوری در میان100 بهره‌بردار مناطق کشاورزی دشت رخ و نیشابور سال 1391 به‌دست آمد. انتخاب مزارع نمونه  با استفاده از نمونه­گیری تصادفی، انجام و مدل برای هر دو منطقه محاسبه شد. نتایج حاصل از الگوی برنامه­ریزی ریاضی مثبت نشان داد که با 20 درصد صرفه‌جویی در مصرف آب در دشت رخ و 30 درصد در دشت نیشابور می­توان الگوی کشتی مشابه با مقادیر داده­ی واقعی در سطح مزرعه برای محصول زعفران دست یافت. همچنین با کاهش مقدار آب، ارزش اقتصادی آب افزایش نشان داد. دو برابر نمودن قیمت هر متر مکعب آب مصرفی نیز در میزان مصرف آب و سطح زیر کشت محصول تأثیری نشان­­ نداد و تنها منجر به کاهش سود شد. لذا پیشنهاد می­گردد برای صرفه جویی منابع آبی، علاوه بر تشخیص زمان دقیق آبیاری و میزان مناسب آن برای محصول زعفران که می­تواند اثرات منفی آبیاری بیش از حد و بی­موقع را بر عملکرد این محصول کاهش دهد و در مدیریت بهینه آب مؤثر باشد، سیاست­های کاهش مقدار آب در دسترس نیز در برنامه­ریزی سیاست­گذاران قرار بگیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Irrigation management of saffron by using the price and quantity policies of water (case study: Naishabur basin)

نویسندگان [English]

  • somayeh shirzadi laskookalayeh 1
  • mahmoud sabuhi sabuni 2
  • Ahmad Ali Keikha 3
  • Kamran Davari 4

1 Phd student of agricultural economic in Zabol univercity

2 Professor of agricultural economic in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

3 Associated Professor of agricultural economic in Zabol University

4 Associated Professor of Water Engineering in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

The reduction in water resources, increased occurrence of droughts and heavy damages to the country make the more efficient use of this resource very important. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of various policies of reduction of water consumption and the effect of any increase in the price of each cubic meter of water on saffron cultivation pattern. The data for the research was obtained by interviews done with 100 farmers in agricultural areas of the Rokh and Naishabur plain in 2012. The sample farms were selected using random sampling, the study was conducted and the models were calculated for both areas. The results of positive mathematical programming model showed that by 20 percent savings in water consumption in the Rokh Plain and 30% in the Naishabur plain, we can achieve cultivating a pattern similar to those which have achieved the previous values at the farm level for saffron. Also, by reducing the amount of water, the economic value of water increased. Doubling the price per cubic meter of water used in crop cultivation and water consumption does not lead to lower profit. Therefore, it is recommended to save water resources. In addition, precise time detection irrigation and the right to saffron can have negative effects when excessive irrigation is done and reduce the performance of this product. Effective and optimal water management policies to reduce the amount of available water is also planned to be presented to the policy makers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Positive Mathematical Programming
  • Naishabur basin
  • Saffron
  • Irrigation management
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