با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیأت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه هرات، افغانستان.

2 عضو هیأت علمی گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزیدی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه تولیدات گیاهی، پژوهشکده زعفران، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه، ایران.

چکیده

جهت بررسی اثر تراکم کاشت بر عملکرد گل و بنه دو نوع زعفران ((Crocus sativus L. اسپانیایی و ایرانی آزمایشی طی دو سال زراعی (94-93، 93-92) در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گرفت. فاکتور A نوع بنه (ایرانی و اسپانیایی) و فاکتور D تراکم کاشت (40، 48 و 60 بنه در مترمربع) در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که اثرات تراکم‌های مختلف کاشت و نوع بنه بر تعداد گل، وزن‌تر گل، وزن خشک (کلاله + خامه) و تعداد بنه‌های دختری تولیدشده معنی‌دار بود (P<0.01). درحالی‌که اثرات نوع بنه بر وزن‌تر و خشک بنه‌های دختری تولیدشده معنی‌دار نبود. بیشترین تعداد گل (25/30 در مترمربع)، وزن‌تر گل (125/15 گرم در مترمربع) و وزن خشک کلاله + خامه (16/0 گرم در مترمربع) مربوط به تراکم کاشت 48 بنه در مترمربع (d2) بود. همچنین بیشترین تعداد گل (21/27)، وزن‌تر گل (58/13 گرم در مترمربع) و وزن خشک گل (144/0 گرم در مترمربع) را بنه‌های ایرانی تولید کرد. درحالی‌که بیشترین تعداد بنه‌های دختری (83/222 بنه در مترمربع) با وزن‌‌تر (92/694 گرم در مترمربع) و وزن خشک (32/270 گرم در مترمربع) متعلق به نوع اسپانیایی بود. اثر سال نیز بر شاخص‌های گل و بنه زعفران معنی‌دار بود به‌طوری‌که بیشترین مقادیر در سال دوم آزمایش حاصل شد. P

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of planting density on flower and corm yield of Spanish & Iranian Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ramin Nazarian 1
  • Hossein sahabi 2
  • Hassan Feizi 3
  • Ahmad Ahmadian 4

1 Faculty member, College of Agriculture, Harat University, Afghanistan.

2 Faculty member of Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Torbat Heydarieh University, Iran.

3 Faculty Assistant Professor of Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Torbat Heydarieh University, Iran.

4 Professor of Plant Production Department, Saffron Institute, Torbat Heydarieh University, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of planting density on flower and corm yield of Spanish and Iranian saffron (Crocus sativus L.) types, an experiment was arranged in factorial with randomized complete block design with three replications. This experiment was conducted on the Research Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2013-15. The saffron corm type was considered in two levels (a1: Iranian corm and a2: Spanish corm) and the planting densities were in three levels (d1:40, d2:48 and d3:60 corm.m-2). The two year results showed that the effect of different planting density and saffron corm types on the number of flowers, flower fresh and dry weight (stigma + style) and number of replacement corms were significant (P<0.01) while, the effect of corm type on fresh and dry weight of replacement corms was not significant. The highest number of flowers (30.25 No.m-2), flower fresh weight (15.125 g. m-2) and (stigma + style) dry weight (0.16 g.m-2) were obtained in d2 (48 corm.m-2), respectively. Corm type had significant effects on saffron flower characteristics. The highest numbers of flowers (27.21 No.m-2), flower fresh weight (13.58 g.m-2) and (stigma + style) dry weight (0.144 g.m-2) were obtained from Iranian corms (a1), respectively. However, the highest number (222.83 No.m-2), fresh weight (694.92 g.m-2) and dry weight (270.32 g.m-2) of replacement corms were obtained from Spanish corms (a2), respectively. The years had significant effects on saffron flower and corm characteristics as the highest amounts were obtained in second year (Y2), respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Replacement Corms
  • Corm density
  • Saffron Yield
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