با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

در دهه های اخیر با توجه به فراگیر شدن کشاورزی ارگانیک در سراسر دنیا، اهمیت سلامت خاک، انسان و اکوسیستم، تولید غذای ارگانیک و سالم برای جمعیت رو به رشد و افزایش سهم کشوری در بازارهای جهانی محصولات ارگانیک، توسعه کشاورزی ارگانیک در ایران رواج یافته است. به همین منظور در این مقاله تلاش شده است تا میزان تمایل به دریافت زعفران کاران برای کشت زعفران ارگانیک نسبت به محصول متعارف و عوامل مؤثر بر آن مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. جامعه آماری تحقیق زعفران کاران تربت حیدریه و زاوه می باشد که براساس جدول بارتلت و همکاران، حجم نمونه 380 نفر تعیین شد. برای نمونه گیری و انتخاب افراد در جامعه از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی طبقه ای و جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از الگوی دومرحله ای هکمن توبیت استفاده شد. داده های این پژوهش از پرسشنامه های تکمیل شده توسط زعفران کاران منطقه تربت حیدریه در سال 1398 جمع آوری گردید. نتایج این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که متغیرهای تجربه، تحصیلات، مصرف کود دامی و شاخص آگاهی در مدل پروبیت تأثیر مثبت و معنی دار و متغیرهای شغل اصلی و مصرف کود شیمیایی تأثیر منفی و معنی داری بر پذیرش کشت زعفران ارگانیک دارند. نتایج همچنین نشان دادند که متغیر نگرش منفی نسبت به کشت ارگانیک در الگوی رگرسیون خطی معنادار و مثبت می باشد. بنابراین نگرش منفی موجب تمایل به دریافت مبلغ بیشتر کشاورزان برای تولید زعفران ارگانیک می گردد. متغیرهای تجربه، تحصیلات و شغل اصلی در الگوی رگرسیون خطی تأثیر مثبت و معنی دار و متغیرهای درآمد، سطح زیرکشت و سن مزرعه تأثیر منفی و معناداری بر تمایل به مبلغ دریافتی کشاورزان برای کشت زعفران ارگانیک دارند. بر اساس نتایج، پیشنهاد می شود که زعفران کاران اطلاعات کاملی درمورد مدیریت مزارع ارگانیک، بازار فروش محصولات ارگانیک از طرق مختلف کسب نمایند. ضمنا ضرورت دارد شرایطی فراهم آید که زعفران کاران تازه کار از تجارب زعفران کاران باتجربه استفاده نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study the factors contributing to the tendency of saffron farmers to cultivate organic saffron

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad reza kohansal 1
  • Malihe sheibani 2

1 عضو هیات علمی

2 Ph.D candidate in Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

In recent decades, due to the universal of organic agriculture around the world, the importance of soil, human and ecosystem health, production of organic and healthy food for the growing population and increasing the country's share in the global markets of organic products, the development of organic agriculture is widespread in Iran. Therefore, in this paper, an attempt has been made to study the tendency to adopt of saffron farmers for production of organic saffron Compared to the conventional product and the factors affecting it. The statistical population of the study is saffron farmers of Torbat-e Heydariyeh and Zaveh. Based on the table of Bartlett et al., the sample size was 380 people. The stratified random sampling method was used for selection of individuals in the community and to analyze the data, the Heckman Tobit two-step model was used. The data gathered from Torbat-e Heydariyeh region’s saffron farmers’ answers to the prepared questionnaire in 2019. Based on the results, the variables of experience, education, consumption of livestock manure and awareness index in the Probit model have a positive and significant effect and the variables of main activity and chemical fertilizer consumption have a negative and significant effect on adopting organic saffron production. The variable of negative attitude towards organic cultivation in the linear regression pattern was significant and positive. Therefore, a negative attitude leads to a tendency of farmers to receive more money for the cultivation of organic saffron. The variables of experience, education and main activity in the linear regression model have a positive and significant effect and the variables of income, farm area and farm age have a negative and significant effect on the willingness of farmers to earn money for organic saffron cultivation. Based on the results, it is suggested that saffron farmers be informed about the management of organic farms, the market for the selling organic products in different ways and prepare requirements for new saffron producers to take benefit from the experiences of skilled saffron producers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attitude
  • Chemical Fertilizer
  • Heckman's two-step method
  • organic farming
Abdpour, A., Heydari sarban, V., and Tarabi, N. 2016. Investigating the economic and social factors affecting farmers' willingness to accept Cultivation of organic garlic in Hamedan province.  Journal of Rural Research and Planning 5 (1): 33-48.
Agricultural Jahad of Khorasan Razavi Province. 2017. Available at Web site https://koaj.ir/
Aligholi, F., Ajili, A., Yazdanpanah, M., and Forouzani, M. 2016. Factors affecting the adoption and rejection of safety crops in the Khuzestan. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 47 (1): 169-180. (In Persian with English Summary).
Armak, A., Farzi, H., and Alipanah, M. 2018. Impact of use of different sources of humic, bio and nano fertilizers and nitrogen levels on saffron (Crocus sativus L.) flower yield. Saffron Agronomy and Technology 5 (4): 329-344. (In Persian with English Summary).
Azam, M.S., and Shaheen, M. 2018. Decisional factors driving farmers to adopt organic farming in India: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Social Economics 46 (4): 562-580.
Bartlett, E., Kotrlik, J., and Hiiggiinss, C. 2011. Organizational research: Determining appropriate sample size in survey research. Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal 19 (1): 43-50.
Cukur,T., Kizilaslan, N., and Kizilaslan, H. 2019. Analysis of the factors affecting the adoption of organic farming in Turkey: the case of Samsun Province. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 17 (6): 14001-14008.
Drinkwater, L.E. 2009. Ecological knowledge: Foundation for sustainable organic agriculture. In Francis, Charles. Organic Farming: The Ecological System 19: 173-176.
Ghorbani, M., and Radmehr, R. 2019. Applied Microeconometrics. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Publications, First Edition. (In Persian).
Ghorbani, M., Koochaki, A.R., Rajabzadeh, M., and Mansori, H. 2014. Investigating the desire to receive farmers in Khorasan Razavi province to produce organic greenhouse cucumbers. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development 28 (2): 149-156. (In Persian with English Summary)Haddadi, SH., Yazdani, S., and Saleh, E. 2017. Investigating factors affecting adoption of organic cucumber cultivation by farmers in Alborz province. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 48 (3): 369-378. (In Persian with English Summary)
Heckman, J. 1976. The common structure of statistical models of truncation, sample selection and limited dependent variables and a simple estimator for such models. Economic and Social Measurement 5 (4): 475-492.
Iran Organic Association. 2013. Available at Web site https://iranorganic.org
Kings, D., and Ilbery, B. 2012. Farmers’ attitudes towards organic and conventional agriculture: A behavioral perspective. Organic Food and Agriculture New Trends and Developments in the Social Sciences 145-168.
Lapple, D., and Rensburg, T. 2011. Adoption of organic farming: Are there differences between early and late adoption?. Ecological Economics 70: 1406-1414.
Ministry of Agriculture Jahad. 2015. Available at Web site https://www.maj.ir
Mir lotfi, M., and Pahlavan, A. 2012. Investigating the factors affecting farmers' attitudes towards organic agriculture, a case study of the city of Hirmand. The Fourth National Conference on Geography. (In Persian).
Mohtashami, T., Karbasi, A., and Zandi Dare Gharibi, B. 2016. Economic analysis and comparison of technical efficiency in small and large saffron farms of Khorasan Razavi Province. Saffron Agronomy and Technology 4 (2): 119-132. (In Persian with English Summary).
Rastakhiz, J., and Salimi, K. 2017. Organic farming. International Conference on Modern Horizons in Agricultural Science, Natural Resources and the Environment. (In Persian). Available at https://www.civilica.com/Paper-AHCONF01-AHCONF01_071.html.
Saba, A., Reed, H., and Butler, T. 2014. Attitudes towards organic foods and risk, benefit perception associated with pesticides Institutes. The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension 13 (7): 155-182.
Salasya, B.D.S. 2005. Crop production and soil nutrient management: an economic analysis of households in western and central Kenya. PhD Thesis, Development Economics Group, Wageningen University, the Netherlands.
Sandooghi, A., Amini, A.A., and Yousefi, A. 2016. Measurement of the factors affecting the healthy and organic cucumber consumers in Isfahan using empirical selection method. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development 29 (2): 139-149. (In Persian with English Summary)
Savari, M., Ebrahimi-Maymand, R., and Mohammadi-Kanigolzar, F. 2013. The Factors influencing the application of organic farming operations by farmers in Iran. Agris on-linePapers in Economics and Informatics2 (3): 179-187. (In Persian with English Summary)
Shahpouri, A.R., Ghorbani, M., Dourandish, A., and Kohansal, M.R. 2014. Organic saffron position in the future household consumption basket and effective structures (Case study). Saffron Agronomy and Technology 2 (3): 107-114. (In Persian with English Summary)
Soltani, S., and Alikhani, A. 2014. Socio-economic factors affecting the adoption of organic farming in Iran. The Second National Congress on Organic and Conventional Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. (In Persian).
Stuart, D., Schewe, R.L., and Mc Dermott, M. 2014. Reducing nitrogen fertilizer application as a climate change mitigation strategy: understanding farmer decision-making and potential barriers to change in the US. Land Usee Policy 36: 210-218.
Sutton, M. A., Oenema, O., Erisman, J. W., Leip, A., van Grinsven, H., and Winiwarter, W. 2011. Too much of a good thing. Nature 472: 159-161.
Yadavar, H., Nami, M., and Zarifiyan, SH. 2018. Applying the analysis of planned behavior theory on adoption of organic farming. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production 28 (1): 169-183. (In Persian with English Summary)
Yadi Heryadi, D., Insan Noor, T., Deliana, Y., and Hamdani, J. 2018. Assessing the performance and factors affecting organic rice agribusiness sustainability. International Journal of Development Research 8 (11): 24110-24115.
Yazdanpanah, M., and Forouzani, M. 2015. Willingness of Iranian young adults to eat organic foods: Application of the Health Belief Model. Food Quality and Preference 41: 75-83. (In Persian with English Summary)
Zulfiqar, F., and Thapa, G.B. 2017. Agricultural sustainability assessment at provincial level in Pakistan. Land Use Policy 68 (1): 492-502.