با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، موسسه آموزش عالی شمس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

2 استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 استاد گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

5 گروه شیمی، واحد تاکستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تاکستان، ایران

چکیده

زعفران (Crocus sativus) گیاه بسیار مهم دارویی و اقتصادی بومی ایران است که با طعم، عطر و رنگ خاص علاوه بر مصارف غذایی دارای خواص دارویی فراوانی است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تأثیر استفاده از کیتوزان به عنوان الیسیتور بر افزایش مقادیر کروسین و سافرانال و تغییرات بیان ژن‌های دخیل در تنظیم رونویسی به عنوان دو ترکیب دارویی مهم این گیاه در کشت سوسپانسیونی زعفران می‌باشد. برای این منظور به کشت پیازهای زعفران در محیط کشت MS2/1 و در محیط سوسپانسیون سلولی و در شرایط رشدی نسبت به اعمال تیمار 100 و150میلی گرم در لیتر کیتوزان و نمونه شاهد بدون اعمال تیمار اقدام گردید و در دو زمان 24 و 72 ساعت پس از اعمال تیمار و همچنین نمونه شاهد نسبت به جمع آوری نمونه در 3 تکرار اقدام شد. اندازه‌گیری متابولیت‌های ثانویه با HPLC و بررسی بیان ژن‌ها باReal time PCR انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد پس از استفاده از 100 و 150 میلی گرم در لیتر کیتوزان و پس از 24 و 72 ساعت دو ژن CsLYC و CsGT-2 به طور چشمگیری افزایش بیان نشان دادند همچنین نتایج نشان داد مقادیر سافرانال و کروسین بر اثر استفاده از کیتوزان دردو زمان برداشت اختلاف معنی داری دارند به طوری که 150 میلی گرم بر لیتر در زمان برداشت 72 ساعت پس از اعمال تیمار دارای بیشترین مقدار کروسین و سافرانال است. استفاده از کیتوزان به عنوان یک عامل محرک زیستی در رشد گیاهان دارویی و اقتصادی زعفران باعث افزایش مقادیر ترکیبات ارزشمند کروسین و سافرانال در کشت سوسپانسیون سلولی این گیاه بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different levels of chitosan on the amounts and expression level of crocin and safranal genes in culture of saffron suspension (Crocus sativus L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tofigh Taherkhani 1
  • Rasool Asghari Zakaria 2
  • Mansoor Omidi 3
  • Nasser Zare 4
  • mahboubeh taherkhani 5

1 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Shams Institute of higher education, Gonbad kavous, Iran

2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

3 Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

5 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Saffron (Crocus sativus) as an important medicinal and economical plant of Iran is rich in flavor, aroma and color, along with medicinal properties in addition to nutritional benefits. The effect of chitosan on Crocin and Safranal amounts as two important medicinal components and expression of their controlling genes in suspension culture of saffron was subjected as the aim of this study. For this purpose, saffron bulbs were cultured in ½ MS medium being treated with 100 and 150 mg/l of chitosan under cell suspension medium and callus optimal growth conditions. Samples were taken at 24 and 72 hours after the application of treatment in 3 replications. Measurement of secondary metabolites was done with HPLC and analysis of genes’ expression was performed with real-time PCR. The results showed that after the use of 100 and 150 mg/l of chitosan and after 24 and 72 hours, the two CsLYC and CsGT-2 genes expression significantly increased. Also, the results showed that Safranal and Crocin levels by the use of chitosan are significantly different at both harvesting times, so that 150 mg/l at harvest time of 72 hours after application of the treatment had the highest amount of Crocin and Safranal. Usage of chitosan as a bio-stimulant in the growth of medicinal and economic plants of saffron increased the amount of valuable secondary metabolites in the cell suspension culture of the plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chitosan
  • Safranal
  • Crocin
  • Saffron (Crocus sativus)
  • HPLC
  • Real time PCR
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