با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استادیارگروه کشاورزی، واحد قاینات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قاینات، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری اگرواکولوژی، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

هدف از فراتحلیل شناخت دقیق از نتایج پژوهش­های مورد بررسی می­باشد. این روش آماری تحلیل مجموعه­ای از مطالعات بوده که با هدف تلفیق یافته­ ها انجام می­شود. به دلیل پراکندگی و تفاوت در نتایج آزمایشات تأثیر حاصلخیزکننده­های خاک بر عملکرد زعفران، در این بررسی از روش فراتحلیل استفاده شد. بر این اساس، 71 مطالعه انتخاب شدند که 14 مطالعه مربوط به کود زیستی، 16 مطالعه کمپوست، 14 مطالعه اسید هیومیک، 16 مطالعه کود دامی، 26 مطالعه کودهای شیمیایی (NPK) و 16 مطالعه تلفیق کودها بودند. بر اساس نتایج، بیشترین اندازه اثر مربوط به تأثیر اسید هیومیک بر عملکرد کلاله خشک (434/3=g) بود. پس از اسید هیومیک، کودهای زیستی، شیمیایی و کمپوست در رتبه­ های بعدی قرار گرفتند. خطای استاندارد کمپوست (101/0=E) کمترین مقدار و با دقت بالاتر محاسبه شد، بنابراین با فاصله اطمینان 95% قابل توصیه است. بر اساس نتایج آزمون همبستگی بگ و مازومدار، کلیه مطالعات بجز اسید هیومیک بر عملکرد خشک کلاله، اسید هیومیک بر عملکرد ترکلاله، کود دامی بر تعداد گل، کود شیمیایی  بر وزن کلاله خشک، کود شیمیایی بر عملکرد گل تر همگن بودند. در میان مقادیر مصرف کود‌های دامی، بالاترین و پایین­ ترین اندازه اثر به ترتیب برای 60 تن کود گاوی در هکتار و 5 تن در هکتار کود مرغی محاسبه شد. نتایج فراتحلیل مصرف مقادیر کود کمپوست بر عملکرد خشک کلاله زعفران نشان داد، مقدار 60 تن در هکتار بیشترین اندازه اثر را دارد. بیشترین اندازه اثر مقادیر اسید هیومیک بر عملکرد کلاله خشک برای 30 کیلوگرم در هکتار محاسبه شد. با توجه به نتایج، به نظر می­رسد که مطالعات انجام شده در زمینه اثر حاصلخیزکننده­ های خاک بر زعفران فاقد برنامه­ریزی بلندمدت برای رفع مشکلات می­باشد و بیشتر بر حسب سلیقه، سهولت اجرا و یا تقلید از منابع خارجی انجام شده است. بر این اساس، نتایج این مطالعه مبنایی برای تجزیه و تحلیل مدیریت کود و ارائه راهبردهای توسعه­ای بر اساس یافته­ های علمی موجود فراهم می­نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The impact of various soil fertilizers on yield and growth criteria of saffron: A meta-analysis of field studies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Surur Khorramdel 1
  • Mahmoud Mokhtari 2
  • Hoda Latifi 3

1 Associate Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

2 Assistant Professor, Department of agriculture, Qaenat Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaenat, Iran

3 PhD student in Agroecolology, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

The goal of meta-analysis is to provide knowledge and better understanding of the phenomena under study. The statistical technique of a large collection of analysis results from individual studies for the purpose of integrating the findings. We conducted a global meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of various fertilizers on saffron yield using data obtained from peer-reviewed publication (71 studies representing 14 studies on biofertilizers, 16 studies on compost, 14 studies on humic acid, 26 studies on chemical fertilizers (NPK) and 16 studies integrated application of fertilizers). Based on the results, the highest effect size was related to the impact of humic acid on dried weight of stigma (g=3.434). After humic acid, biofertilizer, chemical fertilizer and compost were computed in the next ranks. The standard error for compost (E = 0.101) was calculated less and with higher accuracy, so it is recommended with 95% confidence interval. Based on the results of Begg and Mazumdar correlation, all studies except humic acid on dried weight of stigma, humic acid on fresh weight of stigma, manure on flower number, chemical fertilizers on dried weight of stigma and chemical fertilizers on fresh weight of flower were homogeneous. Among the application of manure rate, 60 t cow manure per ha and 5 t poultry manure per ha had the highest and lowest effects, respectively. The results of meta-analysis for compost rates on dried weight of stigma indicated that 60 t per ha had the maximum impact. The highest effect of humic acid on dried weight of stigma was computed for 30 kg/ha. Based on the results it seems that there is no good long-term plan to resolve existing problems of soil fertilizers on saffron production systems and most of the experiments are based on researcher’s opinion, ease of implementation or following published articles in credible journals. Generally, the meta-analysis results provide a basis for conducting trade-off analyses to support the fertilizer management and development strategies based on available scientific findings.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Begg and Mazumdar correlation
  • Confidence interval
  • Effect size
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