با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 مدرس دانشگاه پیام نور، خراسان رضوی و دکتری بوم شناسی زراعی گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

ارزش­گذاری خدمات بوم­­نظام­ها، مطلوب­ترین راهکار برای جلب توجه جامعه و سیاست­گزاران و تلاش در جهت حفظ و ارتقاء آن­ها می­باشد. این مطالعه با هدف برآورد ارزش اقتصادی خدمات و تبعات زیست­محیطی روش­های مدیریت در مزارع زعفران استان خراسان­رضوی در سال 1394 انجام شد. اطلاعات لازم از طریق پرسشنامه­ها در 75 مزرعه زعفران استخراج گردید. ارزش شش نوع از خدمات اکوسیستمی این مزارع (همچون تولید اکسیژن، تولید غذا، تنوع زیستی و خدمات فرهنگی) و دو مورد از تبعات منفی (شامل تولید گازهای گلخانه­ای و جریان نیتروژن و فسفر) بر اساس بهای دلار (معادل ریالی ارزش دلار در سال 2014 میلادی) برآورد گردید. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین این خدمات به ترتیب برابر با 106×21/54، 106×84/266، 106×24/60، 106×6/29 و 106×58/10 ریال در هکتار در سال محاسبه شد که سهم انواع خدمات شامل تولید غذا، اکسیژن، تنوع زیستی و خدمات فرهنگی از کل به ترتیب 39، 35، 19 و 7 درصد بود. دامنه تبعات منفی مزارع زعفران شامل انتشار گازهای گلخانه­ای و جریان نیتروژن و فسفر به ترتیب 106×54/18- تا 106×18/8-، 106×18/5- تا 106×07/4- ریال در هکتار در سال برآورد گردید. میانگین ارزش خدمات مزارع زعفران در استان خراسان­رضوی با کسر تبعات منفی 106×57/136 ریال در هکتار در سال محاسبه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Economic evaluation of agroecosystem services of saffron in Khorasan Razavi province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Surur Khorramdel 1
  • Parviz Rezvani Moghaddam 2
  • Afsaneh Amin Ghafori 3

1 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

2 Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

3 Payam Nour University, Khorasan-e-Razavi and PhD in Agroecology, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

Monetary valuation of agroecoystem services makes them attractive for the society and policy makers should pay more attention to conservation of these services. In this study, the economic value of services as well as negative environmental externalities of saffron fields were estimated in the Khorasan Razavi province during 2015. Information was extracted from questionnaires collected from 75 fields. Using these data, economic values (such as O2 production, food, biodiversity and tourism) together with environmental externalities (including greenhouse gas emission and N and P leakage) were computed based on international value of dollar. Based on the results of the study, the mean values of the agroecosystem services of saffron field such as O2 production, food, biodiversity and cultural services were estimated to be 54.21×106, 266.84×106, 60.24×106, 29.6×106 and 10.58×106 Rls ha-1.y-1, respectively. The shares of these services were up to 39, 35, 19 and 7 percent of total value, respectively. The ranges of environmental externalities such as greenhouse gas emission and N and P leakage were estimated to be -18.54×106 to -8.18×106 and -5.18×106 to -4.07×106 Rls ha-1.y-1. The mean value of the total agroecosystem services of saffron fields excluding externalities, were estimated to be 136.57×106 Rls ha-1 y-1.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecosystem services
  • Economic value
  • Environmental externalities
  • Biodiversity
  • Nitrogen leakage
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