با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد آگرواکولوژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مشهد و کارشناس مسئول تغذیه گیاهی سازمان جهاد کشاورزی خراسان رضوی.

2 استادیار، عضو هیات علمی گروه تولیدات گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و پژوهشکده زعفران، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه

3 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد رشته علوم مرتعداری دانشگاه تربت حیدریه و مسئول زراعت مدیریت جهاد کشاورزی شهرستان گناباد.

چکیده

شناخت منابع سرزمین به‌منظور استفاده بهینه از آن و متناسب با توان تولید هر زمین، گام مهمی در دستیابی به توسعه پایدار با حفظ نظام اکولوژیکی به‌شمار می رود. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین تناسب کیفی، کمی و اقتصادی اراضی تربت حیدریه (جلگه رخ) خراسان رضوی برای محصولات گندم (Triticum aestivum) و زعفران (Crocus sativus) می‌باشد. بدین منظور مشخصات اقلیمی و خصوصیات خاک منطقه با نیازهای هر محصول مقایسه گردیده و با بهره‌گیری از روش فائو و بر اساس روش پارامتریک (ریشه دوم) کالوگیره و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) تناسب کیفی اراضی تعیین گردید. ارزیابی کمی بر اساس میزان عملکرد واقعی در هر واحد اراضی و ارزیابی اقتصادی بر اساس سود ناخالص در واحد سطح انجام گردید. نتایج تناسب کیفی نشان داد علی‌رغم آن‌که درمنطقه شاخص اقلیم و پتانسیل تولید محصولات بالاتر بوده ولی به‌دلیل محدودیت ویژگی‌های خاکی، تناسب کیفی ارضی متوسط (S2) می‌باشد. این محدودیت برای زعفران بیشتر است. مقایسه تناسب کیفی و کمی نشان داد که عموماً کلاس تناسب کمی برابر یا بالاتر است، خصوصاً این تفاوت در محصول زعفران بیشتر مشهود است. نتایج تناسب اقتصادی نیز بیانگر آن است که محصول زعفران در مقایسه با گندم سودآورتر بوده ولی به‌دلیل محدودیت‌های خاک امکان توسعه کشت این محصول در منطقه با محدودیت مواجه است. به‌طوری‌که در برخی از واحدهای اراضی اساسأ کشت این محصول توصیه نمی‌گردد. با توجه به پتانسیل تولید بالای گندم برابر 12260 کیلو گرم در هکتار کشت این محصول با درجات مختلف تناسب توصیه می‌گردد. به‌نظر می‌رسد با اقدامات اصلاحی و بهبود خواص فیزیکی خاک، امکان افزایش راندمان تولید را در اکثر واحدها مقدور خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Quantitative, Qualitative and Economic Assessment of Agricultural Land Suitability of Rokh Plains Torbat Heydaryeh for Saffron and Wheat Cultivation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Abbaszadeh 1
  • Amir Salari 2
  • HAMID ROHANI 3

1 Master of Agricultural Jahad Organization of Khorasan Razavi

2 Assistant professor, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Torbat Heydarieh

3 A former student of Master of Science degree range management Torbat University and charge of agricultural management Gonabad city.

چکیده [English]

Identifying of optimal use of resources and in line with the production of any land is an important step in achieving sustainable development while preserving the ecological system. The purpose of this study is determination quality, quantity and economic suitability of Torbat Heydaryeh lands (Rokh Plain) in Khorasan Razavi for wheat (Triticum Aestivum) and saffron (Crocus Sativus) cultivation. For this purpose, climate condition and soil properties in the study area compare with requirements of wheat and saffron, so qualitative suitability were determined by using FAO method and GIS according to parametric method of Kalogirou. Quantitative and economic evaluation done according to actual yield in each agricultural unit and gross profit per unit area, respectively. Results showed that in this area despite, climate index and yield potential is high but because of soil properties restriction, qualitative suitability is moderate and this restriction is higher for saffron. The results showed that quantitative suitability class is equal or higher than qualitative suitability especially for saffron. Economics results showed that saffron is higher profitable than wheat but its enlargement restricted because of soil limitation, so that its cultivation isn’t recommended. Perform corrective actions and improvement of soil properties in most units can increase production efficiency.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Production Capacity
  • Khorasan Razavi
  • Parametric Method of Kalogirou
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