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بررسی نقش تحریم‌های تجاری و بحران اقتصادی جهانی بر صادرات زعفران ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی ، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زعفران یکی از مهم‌ترین محصولات صادراتی کشاورزی ایران است که در سال‌های اخیر نتوانسته جایگاه خود را در بازار جهانی حفظ و تقویت کند. دو پدیدة تحریم‌های تجاری اتحادیة اروپا علیه ایران (2014-2006) و بحران اقتصادی جهانی (2009-2007) به ترتیب به صورت مستقیم و غیرمستقیم بر اقتصاد و جریان تجاری ایران اثرگذار بوده‌اند. با توجه به روند نامعلوم تحریم‌های اتحادیة اروپا در خصوص لغو یا استمرار آن و احتمال بروز بحران اقتصادی جهانی جدید، هدف پژوهش پیش رو، افزون بر شناسایی مؤلفه‌های اثرگذار، ارزیابی نقش و میزان اثرگذاری این دو مؤلفه بر صادرات زعفران ایران است. بدین منظور، صادرات زعفران به شرکای تجاری در دورة 2014-2001 با استفاده از الگوی جاذبه و برآوردگر درستنمایی شبه بیشینه پوآسن مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج، متغیرهای اندازة اقتصاد، درآمد کشورهای واردکننده و موافقت‌نامه‌های تجاری اثری فزاینده و معنی‌دار و متغیرهای فاصله و تفاوت‌ اقتصادی اثری کاهنده و معنی‌دار بر صادرات زعفران داشته‌اند. نتایج گویای اثر منفی و معنی‌دار تحریم‌های تجاری اتحادیه اروپا و بحران اقتصادی جهانی بر صادرات زعفران ایران است. به عبارتی سبد شرکای تجاری ایران به گونه‌ای است که بحران اقتصادی نقشی تعیین‌کننده بر صادرات زعفران دارد. از این رو، پیشنهاد می‌شود در تدوین برنامة راهبردی بلندمدت به منظور تقویت جایگاه ایران در بازار جهانی زعفران، نقش تحریم‌های تجاری و بحران اقتصادی و اهمیت آن دیده شود و متناسب با آن سبد بهینه‌ای از شرکای تجاری انتخاب شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the Role of Trade Sanctions and Global Economic Crisis on Iran’s Saffron Exports

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arash Dourandish 1
  • Milad Aminizadeh 2
  • Andisheh Riahi 3
  • Elham Mehrparvar Hosseini 4

1 Associate Professor of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Economics Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

2 - PhD Student of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Economics Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

3 Master of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Economics Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

4 PhD Student of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Economics Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Saffron is one of Iran’s exports of agricultural products that it could not keep and strengthen its position in the world market at recent years. Two events such as European Union trade sanctions against Iran (2006-2014) and global economic crisis (2007-2009) have directly and indirectly impacts on Iran’s economy and trade flows, respectively. According to process uncertainty about the abolition or continuation of the European Union trade sanctions and the possibility of a new global economic crisis, the aim of this paper is assessing the role of these two factors on Iran’s saffron exports. For this purpose, saffron exports to trading partners were analyzed by using gravity model and poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimator in 2001-2014 periods. Based on the results, economic size, importer’s income and regional trade agreement have positive effect and distance and difference in GDP per capita have negative and significant impacts on saffron exports. The Results indicated that EU trade sanctions and global economic crisis have significantly negative effects on Iran’s saffron exports. In other words, due to Iran’s trading partners, global economic crisis have important role in saffron exports. Therefore, it is suggested that role of trade sanctions and economic crisis and their importance be considered to adopt long run strategic plan in order to strengthen Iran’s position in saffron world market and optimal basket of trading partners to be selected.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • gravity model
  • Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimator
  • Economic crisis
  • European Union sanction
  • Saffron
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زراعت و فناوری زعفران
دوره 6، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 22
زمستان 97
دی 1397
صفحه 499-511
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هم رسانی
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