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سنجش نگرش کشاورزان نسبت به کشاورزی پایدار و تأثیر آن بر بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید؛ مطالعه موردی کشت‌بوم‌های زعفران شهرستان گناباد

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

افزایش بهره‌وری در بخش کشاورزی امری ضروری است و با روند رو به رشد جمعیت، نیاز به ابداع سیستم‌های با بهره‌وری بالا پررنگ‌تر می‌شود، اما فعالیت‌های زراعی همواره با آثار زیست محیطی همراه بوده است. بنابراین دو مقوله بهره‌وری و پایداری کشاورزی باید به صورت همزمان مورد توجه قرار گیرند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف شناسایی عوامل موثر بر بهره‌وری عوامل تولید در مزارع زعفران شهرستان گناباد با تاکید بر نقش نگرش نسبت به کشاورزی پایدار صورت گرفت. جامعه مورد مطالعه شامل تمام زعفران­کاران شهرستان گناباد بود. برای دستیابی به اهداف تحقیق 110 پرسشنامه بر اساس روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده تکمیل و پس از محاسبه بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید با استفاده از شاخص ترنکوئیست-تیل، از الگوی لاجیت ترتیبی برای شناسایی عوامل اثرگذار بر بهره‌وری استفاده شد. نتایج گویای آن است که متغیرهای نگرش نسبت به کشاورزی پایدار و درآمد اثر مثبت و معنی‌داری بر احتمال دستیابی کشاورزان به سطوح بالاتر بهره‌وری دارند. در حالی که متغیر شرکت در کلاس‌های آموزشی این احتمال را به صورت معنی‌داری کاهش می‌دهد. متغیرهای سطح زیر کشت، شغل اصلی و بیمه کشاورزی نیز اثر معنی‌داری بر احتمال دستیابی به سطوح مختلف بهره‌وری ندارند. اتخاذ سیاست‌هایی در راستای بهبود نگرش زعفران‌کاران نسبت به فعالیت‌های کشاورزی پایدار و آگاهی دادن به آن‌ها درباره آثار جانبی کشت ناپایدار، حمایت مالی از کشاورزان برای تامین نهاده‌های کشاورزی مورد نیاز، تجدید نظر اساسی در محتوای کلاس‌های آموزشی و ترویجی و اصلاح ساختار نظام بیمه محصولات کشاورزی از راهکارهای موثر در راستای بهبود بهره‌وری مزارع زعفران است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of Farmers’ Attitude towards Sustainable Agriculture and Its Impact on the Total Factor Productivity (Case Study: Saffron Farms in Gonabad County)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arash Dourandish 1
  • Mohammadreza Ramezani 2
  • Milad Aminizadeh 2

1 Associate professor of agricultural economics, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad

2 Ph.D. Student of Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

Increasing factor productivity in the agricultural sector is essential, and with the growing population, the need to invent more productive systems is highlighted. However, agronomic activities have always been accompanied by environmental impacts. Therefore, the two categories of productivity and agricultural sustainability should be considered simultaneously. The present study aimed at identifying factors affecting the total factor productivity of saffron farms in Gonabad County with an emphasis on the role of attitude towards sustainable agriculture. In order to achieve the research objectives, 110 questionnaires were completed and after calculating the total factor productivity using the Tornqvist-Theil index, an Ordered-logit model was used to identify factors affecting productivity. The results indicate that attitudes toward sustainable agriculture and income have positive and significant effects on farmers' access to higher levels of productivity, while variable of participation in training courses significantly reduces the probability of achieving higher levels of productivity. Variables of sown area, agricultural insurance and main job do not have significant effects on the probability of achieving different levels of productivity. Undertaking policies which improve attitude of saffron producers towards sustainable agricultural activities and informing them about the effects of unsustainable farming, a fundamental revision of the content of training courses, financial support of farmers for provision of agricultural inputs and reforming the structure of the agricultural insurance system are effective ways to improve productivity of saffron production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Productivity
  • Attitude
  • Sustainability
  • Saffron
  • Ordered Logit
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زراعت و فناوری زعفران
دوره 8، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 27
بهار 1399 زراعت و فناوری زعفران
فروردین 1399
صفحه 99-177
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هم رسانی
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