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بهینه‌سازی تأثیرمقدار بنه مادری و کمپوست زباله شهری بر عملکرد گل و بنه زعفران با استفاده از مدلسازی سطح-پاسخ در سال اول

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی کشاورزی اکولوژیک، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.

2 استاد گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.

3 دانشیار گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.

چکیده

مدل سطح-پاسخ (RSM) مجموعه­ای از تکنیک­های آماری مورد استفاده برای بهینه­سازی نهاده­های تولید می­باشد. این آزمایش با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح کمپوست زباله شهری و بنه بر شاخص­های عملکرد گل زعفران با استفاده ازمدلسازی سطح-پاسخ در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی 97-1396 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل کمپوست زباله شهری با سه سطح ( 0، 10 و 20 تن در هکتار) و وزن بنه مادری با سه سطح (5، 10 و 15 تن در هکتار) بودند، که با توجه به سطوح بالا و پایین هریک از فاکتورها توسط نرم افزار Minitab. V.17 تعیین شدند. وزن خشک کلاله، وزن خشک خامه، وزن تر گل، تعداد گل،تعداد بنه، وزن خشک بنه و تعداد جوانه در هر بنه به عنوان متغیرهای وابسته مورد اندازه­گیری قرار گرفتند و تغییرات این متغیرها با استفاده از مدل رگرسیونی ارزیابی شد. به منظور ارزیابی کیفیت و بسندگی مدل از آزمون عدم برازش و آنالیز واریانس استفاده شد. معادله چند جمله ای درجه دوم کامل  برای تعیین معنی­داری مدل و اجزای مدل و ضریب تبیین (R2)  برای ارزیابی کیفیت مدل برازش شده مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که اثر جزء خطی  بین کمپوست زباله شهری و مقدار بنه بر تمام صفات مورد مطالعه به جز وزن تر گل، وزن خشک بنه 4-0 گرم و تعداد جوانه در بنه­های موجود در گروه­های وزنیِ 4-0 و 8-4 گرم معنی­دار بود. اثر درجه دو متغیر مستقل کمپوست زباله شهری و مقدار بنه در صفات تعداد گل، وزن ترگل، وزن خشک کلاله، وزن خشک خامه، تعداد بنه در گروه­های وزنیِ 4-0، 8-4 و >8 گرم، وزن خشک بنه 8-4 و >8 گرم و تعداد جوانه در گروه وزنیِ>8 گرم معنی­دار بود. هم­چنین برهمکنش معنی­داری بین کمپوست زباله شهری و مقدار بنه در متغیرهای  تعداد گل، وزن تر گل، وزن خشک کلاله، وزن خشک خامه، تعداد بنه در گروه­های وزنیِ 8-4  و >8 گرم، وزن خشک بنه در گروه­های 8-4  و >8 گرم و تعداد جوانه در گروه وزنیِ>8 گرم مشاهده شد. آزمون عدم برازش در مورد هیچ­کدام از صفات معنی­دار نشدکه این امر نشان­دهنده برازش مطلوب مدل رگرسیون درجه دوکامل بود. بیش­ترین تعداد گل، وزن تر گل،  عملکرد کلاله خشک و هم­چنین وزن خشک خامه مربوط به تیمار 5  تن بنه در هکتار+20 تن در هکتار کمپوست زباله شهری بدست آمد. مقدار بهینه وزن بنه، مقدار کمپوست زباله شهری و درجه مطلوبیت برای صفات مرتبط با گل به ترتیب 5 تن در هکتار، 20 تن در هکتار و 92/0 d=و برای صفات مرتبط با بنه،  12 تن در هکتار و 20 تن در هکتار و95/0 d=محاسبه گردید. براساس نتایج حاصله، کمپوست زباله شهری و وزن بنه مادری بر اکثر صفات مربوط به بنه اثر مثبت گذاشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimizing the effect of mother corm and urban waste compost levels on flower and corm yield of saffron using surface-response modeling in the first year

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Parsapour 1
  • Parviz Rezvani Moghaddam 2
  • Surur Khorramdel 3

1 MSc. student in Agroecology, Department of Agrotechnology, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

2 Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

3 Associated Professor, Department of Agrotechnology,Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

Response surface methodology (RSM) is defined as a set of mathematical and statistical techniques that are used to optimize yield of a product. In order to study the effects of urban waste compost and corm rates on flower yield of saffron using RSM, an experiment was conducted at the Research Field of the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran during the growing season of 2017-2018. The treatments were determined based on low and high levels of urban waste compost (0 and 20 t.ha-1, respectively) and corm weight (5 and 15 t.ha-1, respectively). These were computed by using Minitab V. 17. Dry weight of stigma, dry weight of style, fresh weight of flower, flower number, corm number, dry weight of corm, and number of buds per corm were calculated as dependent variables and changes of these variables were evaluated by using a regression model. Lack-of-fit test was used to evaluate the quality of the fitted model. The adequacy of the model was tested by analysis of variance. In general, the full quadratic polynomial equation was tested to determine significance of the model and the components (such as linear, squared and first-order interaction terms). The quality of the fitted model was judged using the determination coefficient (R2). The results show that the effect of linear component on all traits studied except fresh weight of flower, dry weight of corm 0-4g, and number of buds per corm 0-4 and 8-4 grams were significant. The effect of total grade two had a significant effect on the traits of flower number, fresh weight of flower, dry weight of stigma, dry weight of style, number of daughter corms per 0-4, 4-8 and >8 grams, dry weight of corm per 4-8 and >8 grams and number of buds per >8 grams was significant. Also, the interaction effect of two factors of urban waste compost and weight corm on the number of flowers, fresh weight of flower, dry weight of stigma, dry weight of style, number of daughter corms per 4-8 and >8 grams, dry weight of corm 4-8 and >8 grams, and number of buds per corm >8 grams were significant. Lack of fit test had no significant effect on the studied traits. The full square model for the response variables gave insignificant lack-of-fit indicating that the data of experiment were satisfactorily explained. The highest flower number, fresh weight of flower, stigma dry weight and style dry weight were observed for 5 t.ha-1 corm+ 20 t.ha-1 compost. Optimum of corm weight and urban waste compost and desirability for the traits related to flower and corm with 5 t.ha-1, 20 t.ha-1and d = 0.92 were urban waste compost with 12 t.ha-1, 20 t.ha-1and d = 0.95, respectively. Based on the results, municipal waste compost and corm weight had a positive effect on most of the studied traits.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Stigma yield
  • Corm yield
  • Production optimization
  • Sustainable production
  • Daughter corm
  • Lack-of-fit test
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زراعت و فناوری زعفران
دوره 8، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 28
تابستان 99
تیر 1399
صفحه 165-184
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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