با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان

2 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان

چکیده

کمبود منابع آب کافی، علاوه بر کاهش روند توسعه کشاورزی در حال حاضر، باعث خسارات و زیان­هایی نیز در آینده خواهد شد. مطالعه حاضر، مطالعه­ای به منظور ارائه راهکارهای پایدار در مدیریت منابع آب با استفاده از مفهوم ردپای آب و کارایی مصرف آب زعفران در سطح ملی از طریق تجزیه و تحلیل خوشه‌ای می­باشد، که با هدف شناسایی اولویت استان­ها به توجه به دو شاخصه مذکور انجام شد. در این مطالعه، حجم ردپای آب سبز، آبی، خاکستری و سفید در تولید زعفران در سطح کشور با به­کارگیری چارچوب اصلی طی دوره آماری 1387 تا 1393برآورد ­گردید. نتایج نشان داد، سهم هریک از اجزای ردپای آب شامل آب سبز، آب آبی و آب خاکستری در محصول زعفران در ایران به‌ترتیب 20، 90 و 10 درصد است که متوسط ردپای آب مجازی ناشی از آن 2764 مترمکعب برکیلوگرم تخمین زده شد. محدوده تغییرات کارایی مصرف آب از 2/0 تا 62/0 متغیر است. در بررسی اولویت‌بندی بر حسب دو شاخص معرفی شده، استان‌ها به چهار دسته تقسیم شدند که لرستان، کرمانشاه، همدان، خراسان شمالی، تهران، کرمان، آذربایجان شرقی و زنجان در دسته کمترین ردپای آب و بیشترین کارایی مصرف آب و در اولویت اول قرار می‌گیرند. استان گلستان، قزوین، مرکزی، البرز، یزد و خراسان رضوی و جنوبی در زمره استان‌های با اولویت دوم؛ استان فارس و سمنان در اولویت سوم و استان چهارمحال و بختیاری در اولویت آخر قرار دارد. براین اساس، توجه به شاخص‌هایی همچون کارایی مصرف آب و ردپای آب می‌‌تواند کمک شایانی به تصمیم‌گیران در زمینه تغییر الگوی کشت در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک و توسعه کشت محصول فوق در کشور ارائه نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of Water Use Efficiency and Water Footprint of Saffron Production in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ommolbanin Bazrafshan 1
  • Zahra Gerkani Nezhad Moshizi 2

1 Associate Professor of Natural Resources Engineering Department, Agriculture and Natural Resources Engineering Faculty, University of Hormozgan.

2 Ph.D Student of Natural Resources Engineering Department, Agriculture and Natural Resources Engineering Faculty, University of Hormozgan.

چکیده [English]

Lack of adequate water resources, not only reducing the trend of agricultural development, but also it will cause damage and losses in the future. This study is a comprehensive research in water resource management using water footprint approach, water footprint accounting and water use efficiency by clustering analysis. In this study, water footprint of green, blue and gery in saffron production are calcuated using principle framework during 2008-2014 . Based on, these indicators calculated using data and common methodology. Result shown, the share of WFGreen, WFBlue and WFGrey is 20, 90 and 10% respectively in the saffron production that mean of water footprint estimated 2764 m3/kg. Amount of water footprint accounting and water use efficiency calculated 1.91-5.93 m3/kg and 0.2-0.62 kg/m3, respectively. In assessing the prioritizing of the provinces by two indicators, the provinces were divided into four categories. Lorestan, Kermanshah, Hamedan, North Khorasan, Tehran, Kerman, East Azerbaijan and Zanjan provinces including the lowest water footprint accounting and water footprint while these provinces have the highest water use efficiency. The category of these provinces is the first rank. Golestan, Ghazvin, Markazi, Alborz, Yazd, South Khorasan and Razavi Khorasan provinces are the second rank, Fars and Semnan are the third rand and Chaharmahal and Bakhtirai is the end rank of priority. Based on results, considering indicators such as water use efficiency, water footprints and footprint counting can help decision makers to development cultivation of Saffron.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Virtual Water
  • Cluster Analysis
  • Prioritrization
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