Economics and Marketing
Mohammadjavad Mehdizadehrayeni; Hamid Hamidmohammadi; Masoud dehdashti
Abstract
Saffron is one of the non -export products that belong to Iran more than half of it global market. In the last two decades, the export price of saffron has been declining. Continuing this process by reducing exports can have important welfare consequences for producers, exporters and consumers. In this ...
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Saffron is one of the non -export products that belong to Iran more than half of it global market. In the last two decades, the export price of saffron has been declining. Continuing this process by reducing exports can have important welfare consequences for producers, exporters and consumers. In this regard, the present study aimed to evaluate the welfare effects of saffron export prices in the world market on the aforementioned groups. The analytical tools used include domestic supply and demand functions and export supply, which was estimated by the series data during the period of 1980-2020. The findings of the study indicate a significant effect of reducing export prices on saffron exports. It has been found that the price of exporting producers and exporters is suffering from welfare, but the welfare of domestic consumer's increases, which is far less than the welfare of the two groups. Welfare analysis showed that in the saffron market if the monopoly in the market of these products completely disappeared, the total welfare of the said groups would be reduced by about 53 percent. It is suggested that before the producers are harmed, support programs should be prepared for this group specifically so that in case of changes in the world market, with the support of the product, it will be possible to continue production. Until now, the export price has always been much higher than the domestic price and exporters have been able to make a profit, so to support producers, transferring income from exporters in the form of a production protection fund can be a political solution. This fund can also be used as a tool to reduce the volatility of exporters' income.
Economics and Marketing
seyed hosein Mohammadzadeh; Alireza Karbasi; Hossein Mohammadi
Abstract
Recent multi-year experiences in Iran show that reliance on income from the sale of crude oil leads to instability in export earnings. In order to reduce the dependence of the Iranian economy on crude oil exports, export policies should be directed towards export of non-oil ...
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Recent multi-year experiences in Iran show that reliance on income from the sale of crude oil leads to instability in export earnings. In order to reduce the dependence of the Iranian economy on crude oil exports, export policies should be directed towards export of non-oil commodities, including exports of agricultural products. Saffron is one of the most important export items of the agricultural sector and medicinal plants. However, its production and export has not grown exponentially in recent years despite growing allocation of land and production. The results of various studies in have shown that one of the main reasons for failure of Iranian companies in the world market for exporting medicinal herbs is decline in competitiveness in these markets in recent years. Therefore, this study seeks to examine factors affecting competitiveness of Iran's saffron exporting companies in global markets. Competitiveness measurements using symmetric revealed comparative advantage index and analysis of its influencing factors were analyzed using the Porter Diamond Competitive Model and Fractional Logit Panel regression model. The statistics and data were collected through collecting questionnaires from 35 saffron exporter companies for 2011-2016. The results showed that the six components of the Porter diamond model including demand conditions, factor conditions, supporting industries, firm strategy, state and unpredictable events affect the competitive situation of the companies under study. Accordingly, observance of quantitative and qualitative export standards, prevention of fluctuations in the price of saffron, reduction of exchange rate fluctuations in line with government policies, reduction of production fluctuations due to climate change by providing technical solutions and sufficient attention of companies to marketing strategies are proposed as new ways to improve the competitive situation of the companies being studied.
Economics and Marketing
mohammad reza kohansal; Amirhossein Tohidi
Abstract
In terms of quality and quantity, Iranian saffron has a considerable position at the international level and by taking advantage of the existing capacity; we can significantly increase the export earnings from it. On the other hand, sales forecasting based on time series analysis is s a very important ...
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In terms of quality and quantity, Iranian saffron has a considerable position at the international level and by taking advantage of the existing capacity; we can significantly increase the export earnings from it. On the other hand, sales forecasting based on time series analysis is s a very important element for the designing and implementing of marketing strategies in the international arena. However, the conventional approaches to forecasting, by ignoring the linear (or nonlinear) structure of data, do not provide accurate results. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to design a hybrid model consisting of two methods, artificial neural networks (ANN) and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), in order to overcome the deficiencies and the use of the unique features of the each of these methods. Using the data related to the export of Iranian saffron during the period 1904-2013, the results of the study showed that the ARIMA–ANN hybrid model is stronger and better performance than ARIMA and ANN individual models in order to forecasting of Iranian saffron export. Therefore, given the considerable performance ARIMA–ANN hybrid model, the use of this model is recommended in setting strategies related to the export and also in the forecasting of the forecasting of time series variables.
Economics and Marketing
Abolfazl Masoomzadeh Zavareh; Abolghasem Ebrahimi; Jafar Shamsi; Khalil Dehnavi
Abstract
Despite the extensive production and export of saffron in Iran, we have no strong and credible brand of Iranian saffron in global market. In other words, the absence of strong brands in the global market has made almost no name of Iran in these markets. Thus, it is useful to aware of the importance of ...
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Despite the extensive production and export of saffron in Iran, we have no strong and credible brand of Iranian saffron in global market. In other words, the absence of strong brands in the global market has made almost no name of Iran in these markets. Thus, it is useful to aware of the importance of branding for export crops such as saffron and exploring the solutions of leading brands using in the global market. The present study with regard to theoretical foundations, comparative studies and by using the opinions of saffron industry experts via in-depth interview and questionnaire, have addressed the challenges facing the industry, and Using SWOT matrix for formulating branding strategies and operational plans. The results of the study show that branding in the industry is so weak and has a lot of weaknesses and threats. Therefore, to develop branding in the industry, four main strategy categories were presented. By using these strategies we can guarantee the improvement in the industry.
