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Extraction and Determination of Crocin in Saffron Samples by Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Torbat-e Jam and Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Torbat-e Heydariyeh.

2 M.Sc. Analytical Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Torbat-e Heydariyeh, Torbat-e Heydariyeh, Iran.

Abstract

The main component responsible for color in saffron is crocin with the chemical formula of C44H64O24. Crocin is one of several carotenoids in nature that is soluble in water. This solubility is one of the reasons for its widespread usage as a colorant in food and medicine compared to other carotenoids. The coloring strength of saffron is one of the major factors that determine the quality of the saffron stigma. It will be evaluated with measuring of crocin. Microextraction is the newest and easiest method that can be successfully applied for the preconcentration and separation of crocin in saffron samples. The advantages of this method are faster, cheaper and easier analysis by UV-Vis spectrophotometry in measurement of crocin compared to the chromatographic analysis methods. The studies showed that the type and volume of disperser and extractant solvent have a significant effect on the efficiency of crocin extraction. In this work, acetone as the disperser solvent and dichlorometane as the extractant solvent were found to be suitable combinations. Under the optimal conditions, the calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.15-0.00001 μg mL-1 and the limit of detection (LOD) was calculated based on 3 Sb/m (where, Sb and m are the standard deviation of the blank and slop ratio of the calibration curve respectively) was 0.000008 μg mL-1. The procedure was applied to saffron samples and the good recovery percent for the saffron samples was obtained.

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References
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Saffron Agronomy and Technology
Volume 4, Issue 3 - Serial Number 13
November 2016
Pages 225-237
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