اثر هورمون‌های مختلف بر القای کالوس، باززایی و تکثیر بنه زعفران (.Crocus sativus L)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی و سرپرست مدیریت بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی منطقه شرق و شمال شرق کشور، مشهد

2 کارشناس ارشد بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، بخش تحقیقات کشت بافت، شعبه مشهد، پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد،‌ ایران.

3 دکترای جنگلداری، بخش تحقیقات کشت بافت، شعبه مشهد، پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد،‌ ایران.

چکیده

زعفران گیاهی تریپلوئید است که منبع متابولیت‌های ثانویه و یکی از مهمترین محصولات اقتصادی و دارویی ایران می‌باشد. در این مطالعه تکثیر درون شیشه‌ای زعفران با استفاده از دو روش مستقیم و غیرمستقیم مورد بررسی قرارگرفت. قطعات بنه که به‌عنوان ریزنمونه مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند، پس از ضدعفونی به محیط کشت MS با غلظت‌های مختلف هورمونی مربوط به باززایی مستقیم و غیر‌مستقیم منتقل شدند. تیمار کلرید جیوه 15/0 %  به‌مدت 20 دقیقه بهترین تیمار برای ضدعفونی زعفران بود. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس داده‌های باززایی مستقیم نشان‌داد که بیشترین بنه در محیط BAP  mg/l2 تشکیل می‌شود. مقایسه میانگین‌های درصد القای کالوس‌ بیانگر تفاوت معنی‌دار بین تیمارهای مورد استفاده در سطح 5% بود. کالوس‌زایی یک هفته بعد از کشت آغاز شد و  بهترین محیط برای القای کالوس محیط mg/ l 2,4-D 1 +  mg/ l BAP2 شناخته شد. بیشترین تعداد رویان در محیط MS با غلظت کم NAA (mg/ l  15/0) تولید شد. نتایج حاصل از بررسی جوانه‌زنی رویان‌ها نشان‌داد که دربین محیط‌های مورد استفاده محیط MS باmg/l NAA  15/0 بهترین تیمار برای جوانه‌زنی بود. تشکیل بنه تنها در محیط mg/ l 2,4-D 1 + mg/ l BAP 2 مشاهده‌شد. بنه‌ها برای سازگاری به جی فی منتقل و سپس به‌گلدان و خاک انتقال یافتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Different Hormones on Callus Induction, Regeneration and Multiplication of Saffron (Crocus Sativus L.) Corms

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Safarnejad 1
  • Seyedeh Bibi Leyla Alamdari 2
  • Hadi Darroudi 3
  • Marzieh Dalir 2
1 Associate Professor, Faculty member of Razavi Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center and Management of Agricultural Biotechnology in the East and North East of Iran, Mashhad
2 MSc, Biotechnology, Post Address: Tissue Culture Research Department, Mashhad Branch, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran.
3 MSc, Forestry, Post Address: Tissue Culture Research Department, Mashhad Branch, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Saffron (Crocus sativus; Iridaceae) is an important economic and medicinal crop in Iran. The saffron that is an herbaceous triploid geophyte is used mainly as a source of secondary metabolites having aromatic and medicinal value. The plant develops annually from buds on the mother corm – i.e. a thickened stem - which acts as a resting, perennating storage organ. In this research in vitro propagation of Crocus sativus through direct and indirect methods has been studied. Corm slices as explants were sterilized and transferred to MS media with different concentrations of plant growth regulators. The results showed that use of HgCl2 0.15% for 20 minutes is the best treatment for sterilization. The results of ANOVA of direct regeneration indicated that the most corm formation was observed in 2 mg/l BAP. Maximum callus induction was achieved on MS supplemented with 1 mg/l 2,4-D + 2 mg/l BAP. As results indicate the most number of embryos were obtained in MS medium containing 0.15 mg/ l NAA. Also this medium was suitable for germination of embryo. Corm formation was only observed in MS supplemented with1 mg/l 2, 4-D + 2 mg/l BAP in the indirect method. The corm was transferred to JF pot for adaptation and then it was transferred to the pot and soil for growing.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Growth Regulators
  • embryo
  • In vitro

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