زراعت و فناوری زعفران

زراعت و فناوری زعفران

تأثیر عناصر آهن و روی بر رشد، صفات بیوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژیکی زعفران زراعی (Crocus sativus L.) تحت تنش خشکی در شرایط کشت هیدروپونیک

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان
فهیمه حبیبی 1
وحید نیکنام 2
گل اندام شریفی 3
1 کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی گیاهی، دبیر زیست شناسی
2 استاد دانشکدگان زیست شناسی، دانشگاه تهران
3 استادیار گروه علوم تجربی، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی
10.22048/jsat.2024.437868.1523
چکیده
تنش خشکی یکی از مهم ترین تنش های غیرزیستی است. ریزمغذی هایی مانند آهن و روی می توانند تحمل تنش خشکی را در زعفران بهبود بخشند. پژوهش حاضر برای بررسی تأثیر آهن و روی بر ویژگی‌های رویشی و صفات مقاومتی گیاه زعفران در شرایط تنش آبی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی باعث کاهش وزن تر و وزن خشک ریشه ( در 15% PEG به ترتیب به اندازه 36/1 گرم و 12/0 گرم )، طول ریشه ( در 15% PEG به اندازه 67/2 سانتیمتر)، محتوای پروتئین برگ و ریشه ( در PEG15% به اندازه 05/0 و 04/0 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر) ، پراکسیداز ریشه (در PEG10% به اندازه 04/1 واحد در میلی گرم پروتئین و در PEG15% به اندازه 09/1 واحد در میلی گرم پروتئین)، پلی فنل اکسیداز برگ( درPEG5% به اندازه 14/0 ، در PEG10% به اندازه 15/0 و در PEG15% به اندازه 14/0 واحد در میلی گرم پروتئین)، کاتالاز برگ (در PEG5% به اندازه 63/0، در PEG10% به اندازه 59/0 و در PEG15% به اندازه 34/0 واحد در میلی گرم پروتئین ) و کاتالاز ریشه ( در PEG10% به اندازه 25/0 و در PEG15% به اندازه 18/0 واحد در میلی گرم پروتئین) شد. استفاده از آهن و روی باعث بهبود برخی ویژگی‌های کیفی و بیوشیمیایی مانند کلروفیل کل (روی با غلظت کامل در PEG15% به اندازه 48/4 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر)، کلروفیل a (روی دوبرابر غلظت در PEG5% به اندازه 96/2 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر)، کلروفیل b ( روی با غلظت کامل در PEG15% به اندازه 04/5 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر)، کاروتنوئید (روی دوبرابر غلظت در PEG10%به اندازه 73/0 میکروگرم بر میلی گرم پروتئین )، فلاونوئید برگ (آهن دوبرابر غلظت PEG5% به اندازه18/0میکرگرم بر گرم وزن تر)، فلاونوئید ریشه روی دو برابر غلظت در PEG0 به اندازه 15/0 میکروگرم بر گرم وزن تر)، فلاونول برگ (آهن دوبرابر غلظت در PEG15% به اندازه 05/0 میکروگرم بر گرم وزن تر) و فلاونول ریشه ( آهن دوبرابر غلظت در PEG5% به اندازه 21/0 میکروگرم بر گرم وزن تر) شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
زعفران
تنش خشکی
آهن و روی
القای مقاومت
آنتی اکسیدان‌های آنزیمی و غیر آنزیمی

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Effect of iron and zinc elements on the growth, biochemical and physiological traits of cultivated saffron (Crocus sativus L.) under drought stress in hydroponic cultivation conditions

نویسندگان English

Fahime Habibi 1
Vahid Niknam 2
Golandam Sharifi 3
1 Master of science in plant physiology, Teacher
2 Professor, college of biology, University of Tehran
3 Master of plant physiology, college of Biology, University of Tehran
چکیده English

Drought stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses that reduces crop production more than any other stress. Micronutrients such as iron and zinc can improve drought stress tolerance in saffron. For this purpose, the present study was conducted in the growth chamber of the College of Science, University of Tehran, in order to investigate the effect of iron and zinc on vegetative characteristics and resistance traits of saffron plant under water stress conditions as a factorial based on a completely randomized design. In this experiment, iron and zinc were investigated at three levels of half concentration of Hoagland, full concentration and twice the concentration of Hoagland solution and at four levels of dryness of 0, 5, 10 and 15% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG). The results showed that drought stress reduced fresh and dry root weight (1.36 g and 0.12 g in PEG 15%), root length (2.67 cm in PEG 15%), leaf and root protein content (0.05 and 0.04 mg/g FW in PEG 15%) and oxidizing enzymes (such as root peroxidase (1.04 IU/g protein in PEG10% and in PEG15% (1.09 IU/mg protein), leaf polyphenol oxidase (in PEG5% (0.14, 0.15 IU/mg protein in PEG10% and 0.14 IU/mg protein in PEG15%), leaf catalase (0.63 in PEG5%, 0.59 IU/mg protein in PEG10% and 0.34 IU/mg protein in PEG15%) and root catalase (0.25 IU/mg proein in PEG10% and 0.18 IU/mg protein in PEG15%). The use of iron and zinc in full concentrations and twice the concentration of Hoagland solution improved some qualitative and biochemical properties such as total chlorophyll (full concentration of zinc in PEG15% as much as 4.48 mg/g FW), chlorophyll a (twice the concentration of zinc in PEG5% as much as 2.96 mg/g FW), chlorophyll b (zinc at full concentration in PEG15% as much as 5.04 mg/g w/w) Wet), carotenoids (zinc twice the concentration in PEG10% by 0.73 μg/mg protein), leaf flavonoids (iron twice the concentration of PEG5% by 0.18 μg/g FW), zinc root flavonoid twice the concentration in PEG0 by 0.15 μg/g FW), leaf flavonoids (iron twice the concentration in PEG15% by 0.05 μg/g FW) and flavonols (Leaf flavonols (twice the concentration of iron in PEG15% by 0.05 μg/g FW) and root flavonols (twice the concentration of iron in PEG5% by 0.21 μg/g FW). Finally, treatment with iron and zinc improved the status of some of the measured parameters under drought stress conditions. The use of these concentrations of iron and zinc is recommended to reduce the negative effects of drought in saffron.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

saffron
drought stress
iron and zinc
induction of resistance
endogenous and non-exogenous antioxidants
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