زراعت و فناوری زعفران

زراعت و فناوری زعفران

زعفران: کلید جوانی و تاخیر در پیری

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان
فاطمه رجبیان 1
حسین حسین زاده 2
1 دکترای سم شناسی، گروه سمشناسی و داروشناسی، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 استاد گروه سم شناسی و داروشناسی، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
10.22048/jsat.2025.498961.1554
چکیده
پیری فرایندی پیش رونده و تدریجی است که با کاهش و اختلال در عملکرد سلول‌ها، بافت‌ها و ارگان‌ها در موجودات زنده همراه است و بر کیفیت زندگی و افزایش خطر بروز بیماری‌های مختلف مؤثر است. عدم تعادل بین تولید گونه‌های فعال اکسیژن و حذف آنها توسط سیستم‌های دفاعی آنتی اکسیدانی در بدن، منجر به بروز استرس اکسیداتیو، التهاب، اپوپتوز و مهار اتوفاژی، و همچنین به‌دنبال افزایش محصولات نهایی گلیکاسیون پیشرفته، پیری رخ می‌دهد. امروزه، با افزایش جمعیت سالمندان راهکارهای ضد پیری به یک موضوع مهم در جهان تبدیل شده‌است. زعفران از کلاله‌های خشک گل‌های گیاه Crocus sativus از خانواده Iridaceae به‌دست می‌آید که به‌دلیل رنگ، طعم و رایحه ان قرن هاست به‌عنوان ادویه استفاده می‌شود. امروزه، زعفران و ترکیبات فعال آن (کروسین، کروستین، و سافرانال) به‌دلیل خواص ضد پیری مورد توجه قرار گرفته‌اند. هدف این مقاله مروری فراهم کردن اطلاعاتی در زمینه اثر زعفران و ترکیبات فعال آن بر مهار پیری با توضیح مکانیسم عمل احتمالی است. در مقاله مروری حاضر، اطلاعات از PubMed، Scopus، Web of science و Google scholar با استفاده از کلمات کلیدی Saffron، Crocin، Crocetin، Safranal، Crocus sativus L، Aging و Age-related، از ابتدا تا سال 2024 جمع آوری شدند. زعفران و مواد موثره ان احتمالاً به‌دلیل اثر قوی آنتی اکسیدانی با پاکسازی گونه‌های فعال اکسیژن و مهار استرس اکسیداتیو، سبب کاهش آسیب اکسیداتیو، مهار اپوپتوز و مرگ سلولی می‌شوند. همچنین با اثر ضد التهاب قوی دارای خواص تقویت‌کننده سلامت می‌باشند. در چندین مطالعه، اثرات محافظتی زعفران و ترکیبات فعال آن، در به تعویق انداختن روند پیری در بافت‌های مختلف مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. به‌طور کلی، نتایج این مطالعات نشان‌می‌دهد که، زعفران و ترکیبات فعال آن به‌دلیل ظرفیت بالای آنتی اکسیدانی و پاکسازی رادیکال‌های آزاد با بهبود وضعیت سیستم دفاعی آنتی‌اکسیدان و مهار استرس اکسیداتیو در سلول، و به‌دنبال آن مهار اپوپتوز، و التهاب شده و در به تعویق انداختن روند پیری مؤثر است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پیری
زعفران
سافرانال
کروسین
کروستین

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Saffron: The Key to Youth and Delay in Aging

نویسندگان English

Fatemeh Rajabian 1
Hosein Hosseinzadeh 2
1 Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2 Professor, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده English

Aging is a progressive and gradual process accompanied by a decrease and disruption in the function of cells, tissues, and organs in living organisms, affecting the quality of life and increasing the risk of various diseases. An imbalance between the production and removal of reactive oxygen species by the antioxidant defense systems in the body leads to increased oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and inhibition of autophagy, as well as an increase in advanced glycation end products, induced aging. Today, the elderly population is rising and anti-aging strategies have become an important issue worldwide. Saffron is obtained from the dried stigmas of the flowers of the Crocus sativus plant of the Iridaceae family, which has been used as a spice for centuries due to its color, flavor, and aroma. Saffron and its active compounds (crocin, crocetin, and safranal) have received attention for their anti-aging properties. This review article aims to provide information about the anti-aging effect of saffron and its active compounds by explaining the possible mechanisms of action. In this review article, information was collected from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using the keywords saffron, crocin, crocetin, safranal, Crocus sativus L, aging and age-related from the beginning to 2024.

Saffron and its active ingredients probably reduce oxidative damage and inhibit apoptosis, and cell death due to their strong antioxidant effect by scavenging reactive oxygen species and inhibiting oxidative stress. They also have health-promoting properties with strong anti-inflammatory effects. In several studies, the protective effects of saffron and its active compounds in delaying the aging process in various tissues have been evaluated.

Overall, the results of these studies show that saffron and its active compounds are effective in delaying the aging process due to their high antioxidant capacity and scavenging of free radicals by improving the status of the antioxidant defense system and inhibiting oxidative stress in the cells, followed by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

saffron
crocin
crocetin
safranal
aging
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