با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای شیمی مواد غذایی، موسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار گروه ایمنی و کنترل کیفیت مواد غذایی، موسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی، مشهد، ایران

3 استادیار گروه شیمی مواد غذایی، موسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی، مشهد، ایران

4 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات فنی ومهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی ، AREEO، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

در این مطالعه، روش استخراج با حلال (CSE) با استخراج به کمک امواج فراصوت (UAE) و استخراج با آب مادون بحرانی (SWE) برای استخراج ترکیبات موثره بنه زعفران (Crocus sativus ) مقایسه شد و برای بهینه‌یابی پارامترها از روش سطح پاسخ (RSM) و طرح مرکب‌مرکزی (CCD) استفاده شد. در روش CSE, دمای ˚C48، زمان 60 دقیقه و اتانول 80%، و در روش UAE دمای ˚C37، زمان 45 دقیقه، فرکانس 37 کیلوهرتز و اتانول 80% و در روش SWE نیز دمای ˚C180 و زمان 22 دقیقه به عنوان مقادیر بهینه انتخاب شدند. روش استخراج با آب مادون بحرانی بیشترین راندمان استخراج را داشته و بالاترین محتوای فنولی کل (6/807 میلی‌گرم معادل اسید گالیک در 100 گرم بنه زعفران) و فلاونوئید کل (2/12 میلی‌گرم معادل کوئرستین در 100 گرم بنه زعفران) در عصاره SWE اندازه‌گیری شد. مقدار محتوای فنولی و فلاونوئیدی عصاره SWE به ترتیب ۸ و ۱۲ برابر دو روش دیگر است. بالاترین و پایین‌ترین فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی نیز به ترتیب در نمونه استخراج شده به روش SWE و CSE مشاهده شد. اثر ضدباکتریایی عصاره‌ها به روش ریزرقت‌سازی ارزیابی شد و حداقل غلظت کشندگی هر سه عصاره بهینه، نسبت به باکتری‌های استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس و اشریشیاکلی به ترتیب 300 و mg mL-1 600 بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of different extraction methods on the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the saffron corm extract

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mozhgan Esmaeelian 1
  • Javad Feizy 2
  • Moslem Jahani 3
  • Soodabeh Einafshar 4

1 PhD candidate, Department of Food Chemistry, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran

2 Assistant professor, Department of food safety and quality control, Research institute of food science and technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran.

3 Assistant professor, Department of Food Chemistry, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran

4 Assistant professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Khorasan Razavi, Agricultural and Natural Resourses Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In the present study, the conventional solvent extraction (CSE) was compared with ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and subcritical water extraction (SWE) methods for the extraction of bioactive constituents from Crocus sativus corms. The response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite face-centred design (CCD) was used to optimize the extraction parameters. The optimum conditions of extraction were estimated to be ethanol 80%, 48˚C and 60 min in CSE, ethanol 80%, 37˚C, 45 min, and 37 kHz in the UAE, and 180˚C and 22 min in SWE. The subcritical water extraction showed the maximum extraction yield, and the highest value of total phenolic compounds (807.6 mg gallic acid equivalent in 100 g saffron corm) and total flavonoid (12.2 mg Quercetin equivalent in 100 g saffron corm) were determined in the SWE extract. The phenolic and flavonoid content of the SWE extract is 8 and 12 times higher than the other two methods, respectively. Also, CSE and SWE extracts showed the least and the most antioxidant activities, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the optimized extracts was evaluated by the microdilution method. The results showed the minimum bactericidal concentrations of 300 and 600 mg mL-1 against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Saffron corm
  • Flavonoid content
  • Antioxidant
  • Solvent extraction
  • Ultrasound
  • Sub-critical water
 
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