با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به­صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در شهرستان مشهد در سال زراعی 1397-1396 بر روی یک مزرعه سه ساله زعفران اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل غلظت­های مختلف سیلیس (صفر، 3/0، 5/0، 75/0، 1، 2/1 و 5/1 لیتر درهکتار) و تعداد دفعات پاشش سیلیس (یک مرتبه، دو مرتبه و سه مرتبه) بود. محلول­پاشی سیلیس (با برند تجاری کراپسیل) در تاریخ­های 15 بهمن ماه ، اول اسفند ماه و 15 اسفندماه سال 1396 انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر اصلی سیلیس، تعداد دفعات پاشش و اثر متقابل آن­ها بر تمام صفات مورد بررسی معنی­دار بود. مقایسه میانگین اثرهای متقابل فاکتورهای آزمایشی حاکی از آن بود که در غلظت 2/1 لیتر در هکتار محلول­پاشی سیلیس در دو نوبت پاشش، بیشترین تعداد گل در بوته (693 گل)، وزن خشک برگ (56/3 گرم در گیاه)، وزن تر بنه­ها (25/67 گرم در گیاه)، طول کلاله (8/3 سانتی­متر)، وزن تر و خشک کلاله (به ترتیب 5/1656 و 39/14 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، سافرانال (33 درصد) و کروسین (75/192 درصد) به­دست آمد. بیشترین میزان پیکروکروسین (35/66 درصد) در غلظت 5/1 لیتر در هکتار در دو نوبت پاشش به­دست آمد. لذا، کاربرد سیلیس با غلظت 2/1 لیتر در هکتار در دو مرحله پاشش بهترین تیمار بود و توانست تعداد گل در بوته، وزن تر بنه­ها و وزن خشک کلاله را به ترتیب 5/26 ، 106 و 2/21 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of concentration and frequency of silica foliar application on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of saffron

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mansoore Kermani 1
  • Shahram Amirmoradi 2

1 Assistant Professor ، Department of Agriculture، Payam Noor university، Iran

2 Assistant Professor ، Department of Agriculture، Payam Noor university، Iran

چکیده [English]

This research was carried out as factorial experiment basis on randomized block design with four replications on a three-year saffron farm in Mashhad at 2017/2018 crop year. The experimental factors were different concentrations of silica (0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.2 and 1.5 lit/ha) and the number of spraying times (Once, twice and three times). Silica spraying (with Crapsil brand) was performed on February 6, March 1 and March 6, 2017.The results showed that the main effect of silica, the number of sprays and their interaction on all studied traits were significant. Mean comparisons of the experimental factors revealed that at the concentration of 1.2 lit/ha silica and two times of spraying, the highest number of flowers per plant(693 flowers), leaf dry weight(3.56 gr/plant), fresh weight of corm(67.25 gr/plant), stigma length(3.8 cm), fresh and dry weight of stigma(1656.5 and 14.39 kg/ha respectively),Safranal (33%) and crocin (192.75%) obtained. The highest amount of picrocrocin (66.35%) was obtained at the concentration of 1.5 lit/ha and two times of spraying. Therefore, the application of silica with the concentration of 1.2 lit/ha in the two stages of spraying was the best treatment and was able to increase the number of flowers per plant, fresh weight of corms and dry weight of stigma 26.5, 106 and 21.2 percent, respectively compared with the control treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Picrocrocin
  • Silica
  • Crocin
  • Stigma
  • Safranal
 
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