This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of priming saffron corms with different concentrations of auxin (0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm) on vegetative, reproductive, and propagative traits under aeroponic conditions, using a completely randomized design with three replications. The results revealed that saffron responses to NAA pretreatment were predominantly dose-dependent and exhibited a biphasic pattern. At the propagation level, the greatest stimulation of lateral bud emergence occurred at lower concentrations, where 5 and 10 ppm significantly increased the mean number of lateral buds by approximately 75% and 66% compared with the control, respectively. Conversely, intermediate concentrations (particularly 50 and 100 ppm) partially suppressed bud formation, while the lowest value (1.4 buds) was observed at 250 ppm. Reproductive traits followed a quadratic, dose-responsive trend, with the maximum flower number, flower yield, and stigma dry weight obtained at 250 ppm. Leaf length (14.4 cm) and leaf dry weight (2.68 g per plant) also peaked at this concentration. With respect to corm multiplication, the highest number of reproductive corms per 100 mother corms was recorded at 10 ppm (525 corms), whereas the lowest (258 corms) occurred at 250 ppm. However, mean reproductive corm weight was maximized at 250 ppm (11.06 g). Corm weight distribution was strongly influenced by auxin concentration: lower doses (5–10 ppm) produced a higher proportion of small corms (<5 g; ≈73% at 5 ppm and ≈63% at 10 ppm), whereas 250 ppm increased the proportion of large corms (>10 g) to about 45%. Overall, the findings indicate that lower auxin concentrations (5–10 ppm) are more suitable for mass propagation, while intermediate levels—particularly 250 ppm—are recommended for enhancing flower yield and producing larger corms, which are desirable for economic and production purposes.