با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.

2 استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.

چکیده

بیمه محصولات کشاورزی را می‌توان یکی از اهرم‌های توسعه کشاورزی دانست؛ زیرا با استفاده از آن هم می‌توان امنیت بیشتری برای تولیدکنندگان محصولات کشاورزی فراهم ساخت و هم شرایط مطلوبتری برای جلب و جذب سرمایه‌های خصوصی در بخش کشاورزی فراهم آورد. در این مطالعه تلاش شده است تا با استفاده اطلاعات حاصل از 118 کشاورز زعفران کار شهرستان قاین در سال 1392 و بهره‎گیری از سه الگوی لاجیت، پروبیت و دومرحله‌ای هکمن توبیت عوامل تأثیرگذار بر پذیرش بیمه زعفران مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. نتایج نشان داد که از بین الگوهای برآوردی، روش دو مرحله‌ای هکمن به دلیل اینکه می‌تواند میان عوامل مؤثر بر پذیرش بیمه و نیز عوامل مؤثر بر سطح بیمه‌گذاری تمایز قائل شود، از قوت بیشتری برخودار است. نتایج به دست آمده از متغیرهای الگو با هر سه مدل برآوردی نشان می‌دهد که متغیرهای تحصیلات کشاورز، درآمد سالیانه، استفاده از تسهیلات بانکی، سطح زیرکشت، استفاده از خدمات آموزشی مروجان، شاخص دانش بیمه‌ای و شاخص دانش فنی زراعی دارای تأثیر مثبت بر پذیرش و بیمه‌گذاری زعفران دارد و تنها متغیر سن دارای تأثیر منفی براقدام به بیمه‌گذاری و میزان بیمه‌گذاری زعفران دارد. با توجه به نتایج استفاده از دوره‎های آموزشی در خصوص مزایای بیمه محصول در مناطق روستایی و نیز افزایش سطح آگاهی کشاورز از انواع خدمات‎دهی صندوق‎های بیمه، زمان بیمه نمودن و میزان حق بیمه، توجه بیشتر مسئولان صندوق بیمه کشاورزی به سطوح درآمدی مختلف و تدوین راهکارهایی جهت گسترش استفاده از تسهیلات بانکی برای کشاورزان به عنوان پیشنهاد مطرح می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of logit, probit and tobit in the factors affecting the adoption of saffron insurance Case study: Qaen city

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Mohammadzadeh 1
  • Alireza Karbasi 2
  • Maryam Kashefi 3

1 Ph. D Student of Agriculture Economic, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad.

2 Professor of Agricultural Economic, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad.

3 M. Sc. Student of Agriculture Economic, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad.

چکیده [English]

Insurance for agricultural products can be considered to be one of the levers of agricultural development since its use can provide greater security for agricultural producers and provide more favorable conditions for attracting private investment in the agriculture sector. In this study, we used the data which was gathered in 2013 from 118 Qaeni Saffron farmers and examined the factors that affect the acceptance of Saffron insurance using Logit, Probit and Heckman two-stage Tobit. The results showed that among the estimated models, since Heckman two-stage can distinguish between the factors influencing the adoption of insurance and the factors affecting it, it is more strength paramount. The results of estimation of variables with the three models showed that farmer education, annual income, the usage of banking facilities, area under cultivation, educational services of agricultural demonstrators, insurance knowledge index and technical-crop knowledge index have a positive impact on the acceptance and insurance of saffron, and only the age variable has a negative impact on the insurance and the amount of the saffron insurance. According to the results, training courses on the benefits of crop insurance in rural areas and increasing farmers awareness of the types of insurance fund services, the insurance period and premium amount, consideration of the officials in charge of the agricultural insurance fund regarding the different income levels and development strategies to expand the use of banking facilities for farmers was suggested.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Insurance
  • Saffron
  • Qaen City
Agricultural Insurance Fund Performance Reports in Recent Years. 2013. Agricultural Insurance Fund. Available at Web site: http://www.sbkiran.ir/amaar. (verified October 2013).
Anderson, J.R. 2003. Impacts of climate variability in Australian agriculture. Review of Marketing and Agricultural Economics  49: 31- 42
Boon, T.K. 2005. Do Commercial Banks, Stock Market and Insurance Market Promote Economic Growth? An Analysis of Singapure Economy. Working Paper of the School of Humanities and Social studies. Nanyang Technological University.
Falco, S.D., and Perrings, C. 2005. Crop biodiversity, risk management and the implications of agricultural assistance. Journal of Ecological Economics 55: 459-466.
Farrokhnejad, M., and Mehrabi Boshrabadi, H. 2012. Investigating the impacts of crop insurance on production efficiency and risk management on reconstructed rice farms, case study: Lahijan city. Journal of agricultural insurance fund 9 (31-32): 33-44 (In Persian with English Summary).
Gharibi, K., Karimi, H., Mousavi, A. A., and Azarian, H. 2011. Study of effects of olive insurance on production & cultivated area of olive in Iran (A glance at olive insurance plan in Iran 2002-2008). Journal of agricultural insurance fund 8 (27-28): 57- 70 (In Persian with English Summary).
Ghorbani, M., Koocheki, A.R., Lakzian, A., Kohansal, M.R., Tabaraei, M., Motallebi, M., Shokri, A., and Torshizi, M. 2008. Factors affecting on farmers investment in soil conservation of  Khorasan Razavi province. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Industrial 21 (2): 11-22 (In Persian with English Summary).
Goodwin, B.K. 1993. An empirical analysis of the demand for multiple peril crop insurance. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 75: 425-434.
Grace, M.F., and Skipper, H.D. 2002. The Effect of Banking and Insurance on the Growth of Capital and Output. Center for Risk Management and Insurance Working Paper.
Greene, W.H. 1993. Econometric Analysis. 2nd Edition. New York: Macmillan, 791p.
Gujarati, D. 1999. Basic econometrics. Translation of hamid abrishami. Tehran University Publication.
Haiss, P., and Sumegi, K. 2006. The relationship of insurance and economic growth–A theoretical and empirical analysis. Economic Modeling conference. Hongkong. 28-30 June 2006.       
Haq, A., Hartman, E., and  Myers, A. 2003. Agriculture and Green Insurance. Research Report. Available at www2.dnr.cornell.edu/saw44/NTRES431/Products/GCIessay.pdf .(accessed Feb 21, 2003).
Hayati, B., Ghahremanzadeh, M., Khodaverdyazdah, M., and Najafi, N. 2010. Factors affecting rural livestock insurance acceptance in Salmas city. Journal of Animal Science 4 (2): 27-38.
Judge, G.G. 1988. Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Econometrics. John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2nd Edition.
Khani Gharie Gapi, N.,  Fooladian, Z., and Ramezani, A. 2011. Study of effect of agricultural insurance on economic growth of Iran’s agriculture sector (using Hsiao method). Journal of agricultural insurance fund 8 (27-28): 5-29 (In Persian with English Summary).
Karbasi, A.R., Mosannan Mozaffari, M., and Shabani Rouchi, Z. 2012. The relationship of insurance premiums and value added of agriculture sector. Journal of Agricultural Insurance Fund 9 (31-32): 19-31 (In Persian with English Summary).
Kohansal, M.R., and Mohammadzadeh, S.H. 2011. Study of factors effective on demand of insurance for barberry farmers, case study: Qaen city. Journal of Agricultural Insurance fund 8 (27-28): 95-110 (In Persian with English Summary).
Kohansal, M.R., Mohammadzadeh, S.H., and Nemati, A. 2012. Application of artificial neural network in determining premium rate & effective factors in adoption of wheat insurance, case study: Qaen city. Journal of agricultural insurance fund 9 (31-32): 45-67 (In Persian with English Summary).
Mahmoudi, M., Farhadian, H., and Noruzi, A. 2004. Agricultural Products Insurance strategy and its role in reducing the risk of agricultural activities. Journal of Agricultural and insurance (3-4): 63-77 (In Persian with English Summary).
Mir Salehpour, M., Mashreghi, N., Karimifard, S., Add-e Shahi, A., and Mashreghi, Gh. 2011. Study & comparing the effects of insurance & agricultural inputs on rice production in Gilan province. Journal of agricultural insurance fund 8 (27-28): 133-143 (In Persian with English Summary).
Paulson, D.N., Babcock, B.A., Hart, C.E., and Hayes, D.J. 2004. Insuring uncertainly in valu–added Agricultural: Ethanol Production, Center for Agricultural Rural development /lowa state university, Available at Web site: http: www.card.iastate.edu. (verified 5 October 2014)
Sadati, S.A., Rostami Ghobadi, F., Sadati, S.A., Mohamadi, Y., Sharifi, O., and Asakereh, A. 2010. Survey of effective factors on adoption of crop insurance among farmers: A case study of Behbahan County. African Journal of Agricultural Research 5 (16): 2237-2242. Available at Web site: http://www.academicjournals.org. (verified 5 september 2011)
Shokri, A., Ghorbani, M., Koochaki, A.R., and Danesh, SH. 2008. Environmental attitude on the role of water’ saffron insurance in the province of North Khorasan. Journal of Economics and Agricultural Development 22 (2): 15-29 (In Persian).
Tobin, J. 1958. Estimation  of  relationships  for  limited  dependent  variables. Econometrica 26: 29-36.
Vandeveer, M., and Young, C.E. 2001. The Effects of the Federal Crop Insurance Program on Wheat Acreage. Wheat situation and outlook yearbook. March. p. 21-30.
Zare Mehrjerdi, M.R., and Esmaeili, A. 2011. Determine the factors affecting the adoption of livestock insurance in Kerman city with parametric and non-parametric methods. Journal of Agricultural Research 2 (3): 1-16.