زراعت و فناوری زعفران

زراعت و فناوری زعفران

ارزیابی تأثیر چند ترکیب شیمیایی بر کنترل باکتری Burkholderia gladioli pv. gladioli، عامل بیماری پوسیدگی بنه زعفران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
2 گروه گیاهپزشکی مرکز تحقیقات خراسان رضوی
3 سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، تهران، ایران
چکیده
پوسیدگی باکتریایی بنه از بیماری‌های مهم گیاه زعفران است که توسط باکتری Burkholderia gladioli pv. gladioli (Bgg) ایجاد می‌شود. در این تحقیق، تأثیر بی‌کربنات سدیم و سه ترکیب شیمیایی بر پایه مس (اکسی‌کلرور مس، بردو و نوردوکس) در غلظت‌های مختلف، بر جمعیت جدایه‌های باکتری Bgg در محیط آزمایشگاه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت، همچنین حساسیت جدایه‌های باکتری نسبت به 21 آنتی‌بیوتیک بررسی شد. علائم ایجاد شده روی بنه‌ها دو هفته پس از مایه‌زنی، به صورت پوسیدگی خشک همراه با قهوه‌ای شدن بافت اطراف ناحیه مایه‌زنی شده بود. توان جدایه‌ها در ایجاد بیماری‌زایی روی بنه‌ها متفاوت بود و بیشترین علائم توسط جدایه Bg16 ایجاد شد. حداقل غلظت بازداندگی از رشد باکتری ترکیب اکسی‌کلرور مس 5/3 در هزار، بردو و بی‌کربنات سدیم 12 درصد و نوردوکس 5/1 در هزار تعیین شد. جدایه‌های باکتری نسبت به 9 آنتی-بیوتیک حساسیت نشان دادند، بزرگترین هاله بازدارنده از رشد در اطراف دیسک‌های تری‌متوپریم‌سولفامتوکسازول، نالیدیکسیک‌اسید، جنتامایسین و آمیکاسین تشکیل شد. شمارش پرگنه‌های باکتری‌ها یک هفته پس از کشت نشان داد، سموم مسی موجب کاهش جمعیت باکتری نسبت به تیمار شاهد شدند اما در هفته دوم، تفاوت معنی‌داری بین آن‌ها وجود نداشت. بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق، موثرترین تیمارها در کاهش جمعیت باکتری در محیط آزمایشگاه، تیمارهای اکسی‌کلرور مس 2 در هزار و 3 در هزار، بردو 8 درصد و 10 درصد و نوردوکس 1 در هزار و 5/1 در هزار بودند. تأثیر این تیمارها بر بیماری پوسیدگی بنه زعفران در محیط مزرعه مورد ارزیابی قرار خواهند گرفت.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation the inhibitory effects of chemical compounds for controlling on Burkholderia gladioli pv. gladioli, the causal agent of saffron corm rot

نویسندگان English

Maryam Khezri 1
MAHMOUDREZA KARIMISHAHRI 2
Abolghasem Ghasemi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
2 RAZAVI-KHORASSAN AGRRICULTURAL AND NATURAL RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER PLANT PROTECTION DEPTT.
3 Assistant professor, Agricultural Education and Extension Research Organization, Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Saffron corm rot caused by the bacterium Burkholderia gladioli pv. gladioli (Bgg), is an important disease affecting saffron cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of sodium bicarbonate and three copper-based compounds (copper oxychloride, Bordeaux and Nordox) on the population of Bgg isolates, in vitro. Additionally, the sensitivity of the Bgg isolates to 21 antibiotics was investigated. Two weeks after inoculation, the symptoms of the disease appeared as dry rot and brown lesions around the inoculated area. Varying degrees of virulence were observed among the Bgg isolates, with the Bg16 inducing the most severe symptoms. The Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined as copper oxychloride 3.5/1000, Bordeaux and sodium bicarbonate 12%, and Nordox 1.5/1000. The Bgg isolates were sensitive to nine antibiotics. The largest inhibitory zone diameters observed around trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, and amikacin discs. One week after cultivation, the copper compounds decreased the bacterial population compared to the control, but no significant difference was observed between them in the second week. The most effective treatments in reducing the Bgg population were copper oxychloride at 2/1000 and 3/1000, Bordeaux at 8% and 10%, and Nordox at 1/1000 and 1.5/1000. The efficacy of the identified effective treatments will be further evaluated under field conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Saffron
Disinfestation
Copper compounds
Antibiotic
Disease management
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