با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه مهندسی اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشکده مهندسی زراعی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

3 دانش آموخته دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

4 پژوهشگر پژوهشکده زعفران، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه، ایران

چکیده

در این مطالعه به منظور تعیین اندازه اقتصادی تولید زعفران در شرایط کنترل شده در استان مازندران از تحلیل فایده-هزینه و روش‏های ارزش حال خالص، نسبت فایده-هزینه، نرخ بازده داخلی و دوره بازگشت سرمایه استفاده شد. به منظور محاسبه شاخص‏های مالی تولید زعفران در محیط‏های کنترل شده، اطلاعات به روش میدانی و از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه و مصاحبه رو در رو با متخصصین و کارشناسان سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان مازندران و استعلام هزینه­های ثابت، متغیر و همچنین درآمد حاصل از احداث محیط‏های کنترل شده تولید زعفران (فضاهایی به مساحت 200 مترمربع، 1000 مترمربع و 5000 متر مربع) از مراکز خدمات کشاورزی به دست آمد. اطلاعات جمع­آوری شده، به وسیله نرم افزار COMFAR، نسخه 3.3 مورد تحلیل و ارزیابی قرار گرفت و نتایج حاصل از آن اعم از شاخص‏های مالی و تحلیل حساسیت آن‏ها تحت سناریوهای مختلف ارائه شد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که با در نظر گرفتن نرخ تنزیل 18% و تورم 06/35% ، طی دوره زمانی هفت ساله (یک سال ساخت و شش سال بهره‏برداری)، احداث واحد تولید زعفران در زمینی به مساحت 200 متر مربع از نظر مالی توجیه‏ناپذیر و در زمین‏هایی به مساحت 1000 و 5000 متر مربع با نرخ بازده داخلی 85/36 % و 99/53 % توجیه‏پذیر است. بر اساس آزمون رتبه‏ای پروژه‏ها، با افزایش زمین جهت احداث فضایی تحت کنترل جهت تولید زعفران سودآوری مالی طرح افزایش می‏یابد. همچنین با توجه به نتایج حاصل از تحلیل حساسیت مشخص گردید که افزایش درآمد فروش محصول نسبت به کاهش هزینه‏های ثابت و متغیر تأثیر بیشتری در سودآوری طرح دارد و می‏توان با اقداماتی نظیر افزایش تولید، بازاریابی مؤثر و بهبود کیفیت محصول جهت افزایش سودآوری گام مثبتی برداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Financial Evaluation of Saffron Production in controlled conditions in Mazandaran province

نویسندگان [English]

  • somayeh shirzadi laskookalayeh 1
  • mohammad Bahadori 2
  • abbas jalali 3
  • Alijan Salariyan 4

1 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. Sari, Iran.

2 Ph.D. Student of Agricultural Economics, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. Sari, Iran.

3 PhD of Crop Ecology, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.

4 Alijan Salariyan; Researcher of Saffron Research Institute, Torbat Heydarieh University, Iran

چکیده [English]

This study used the benefit-cost analysis and various financial indicators, such as Net Present Value, Benefit-Cost Ratio, Internal Rate of Return, and Payback Period, to determine the economic feasibility of saffron production under controlled conditions in Mazandaran province. Data for calculating these financial indicators were collected through field surveys, questionnaires, interviews with experts and specialists from the Agriculture Jihad Organization of Mazandaran province, and by obtaining fixed and variable costs as well as income from the establishment of controlled environment spaces for saffron production (spaces with areas of 200 square meters, 1000 square meters, and 5000 square meters) from agricultural service centers. The collected data were analyzed and evaluated using COMFAR software version 3.3, and the results, including financial indicators and sensitivity analysis under different scenarios, were presented. The findings suggest that at a discount rate of 18% and an inflation rate of 35.06%, establishing a saffron production unit on a 200-square-meter plot is not financially viable within a seven-years. (one year for construction and six years for operation). However, for plots with areas of 1000 and 5000 square meters, the internal rate of return is 36.85% and 53.99%, respectively, making them financially viable. According to the project ranking test, increasing the plot area for saffron production under controlled conditions leads to higher financial profitability. Furthermore, based on the sensitivity analysis results, it was identified that increasing product sales income has a more significant impact on project profitability compared to reducing fixed and variable costs. Positive steps such as increasing production, effective marketing, and improving product quality can enhance profitability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Benefit-Cost Ratio
  • Internal Rate of Return
  • Net Present Value
  • Payback Period
  • sensitivity analysis
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