زراعت و فناوری زعفران

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اثر محلول‏ پاشی برگی کلات آهن بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی زعفران (Crocus sativus L) در کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه رازی

2 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه رازی

3 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه رازی

چکیده

در این پژوهش اثر محلول پاشی کلات آهن بر محتوای نسبی آب برگ، مقدار نشت الکترولیت‏ها، میزان کلروفیل برگ، در این پژوهش اثر محلول‏پاشی برگی کلات آهن بر محتوای نسبی آب برگ، مقدار نشت الکترولیت‏ها، میزان کلروفیل، مقدارکاروتنوئید، مقدار قندهای محلول و میزان پرولین برگ در زعفران بررسی شد. آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار و در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه رازی در سال‏های زراعی 93-1392 و 94-1393 انجام و صفات در سال دوم آزمایش بررسی شدند. فاکتورهای آزمایش عبارتند از زمان محلول پاشی شامل سه سطح اوائل رشد رویشی (پس از گلدهی و در آبان ماه)، اواسط رشد رویشی (دی‏ماه) و آخر رشد رویشی (اسفند‏ماه) و غلظت محلول آهن شامل هفت سطح، صفر(شاهد)، 500، 1000، 1500، 2000، 2500 و 3000 قسمت در میلیون بودند. نتایج نشان داد که زمانهای محلول‏پاشی برای میزان کلروفیل a، میزان کلروفیل کل و نشت الکترولیت تفاوت معنی داری ایجاد نکردند. این فاکتور برای مقدار کاروتنوئید معنی‏دار (p≤0.05) شد و اثر بسیار معنی‏داری بر سایر صفات گذاشت(p≤0.01). اثر غلظت محلول آهن و اثر متقابل زمان محلول‏پاشی در غلظت محلول برای تمامی صفات بررسی شده بجز نشت الکترولیت بسیار معنی‏دار شدند (p≤0.01). غلظت آهن و اثر متقابل دو فاکتور مورد بررسی بر نشت الکترولیت در سطح 5 درصد اثر گذاشتند (p≤0.05). بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده محلول پاشی با غلظت 2000 قسمت در میلیون موثرتر از سایر غلظت‎ها بود. این غلظت محلول پاشی برای صفات کلروفیل a ، کلروفیل کل و کاروتنوئید در اواسط رشد رویشی و میزان قند محلول در آخر رشد رویشی به ترتیب موجب افزایش 4/45، 4/42، 6/63 و 5/63 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد گردید. محلول پاشی در اواسط رشد رویشی نسبت به سایر زمانهای مورد بررسی تاثیر بیشتری بر صفات مطالعه شده داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Foliar Iron Chelated Application on some Physiological Traits in Saffron (Crocus sativus L) in Kermanshah

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elnaz Zamani 1
  • Hooman Salari 2
  • Mokhtar Ghobadi 3

1 Agronomy and Plant Breeding Dept, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah- Iran

2 Agronomy and Plant Breeding Dept. College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

3 Agronomy and Plant Breeding Dept. College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract

We studied the effects of foliar application of iron chelate on relative leaf water content, electrolyte leakage, leaf chlorophyll content, carotenoids content, leaf soluble sugars content and proline for saffron in Kermanshah (Iran). A two-year trial (2013–2015) was conducted in the factorial experiment based on complete randomized design (CRD) in triplicates at the research farm of Razi University; Iran. The traits were studied in the second year of experiment. The foliar iron chelated was applied at the three considered times namely early vegetative (November), mid-vegetative (January), and the end of vegetative growth (March). The seven concentrations of iron chelate were considered i.e. zero (control), 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 ppm. The results showed that chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll and electrolyte leakage were not influenced by the time of foliar application. However, carotenoids have been affected significantly by the time (p≤0.05) and the other traits were affected very significantly (p≤0.01). The concentration of iron solution and the interaction between two factors affected all the traits highly significant (p≤0.01) apart from the electrolyte leakage which was significantly influenced (p≤0.05). The foliar application of iron chelate with the concentration of 2000 ppm leads to increase for chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids in comparison with control for 45.4%, 42.4%, and 63.6% at the mid-vegetative, respectively. Soluble sugar content also has been raised for the foliar application at the end of vegetative growth for 2000 ppm for 63.5% compare with control. Also, generally can be claimed that the foliar application of iron chelate at the mid-vegetative was more effective than others.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Vegetative growth
  • Carotenoids
  • Chlorophyll
  • Foliar application
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زراعت و فناوری زعفران
دوره 9، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 34
دی 1400
صفحه 343-356
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